Component and function in lungs B2 Flashcards
What structures are in the trachea?
Smooth muscle
Cartilage
Cilliated epithelial cells
Goblet cells
What are the functions of the structures in the trachea?
smooth muscle- narrows airways
cartillage- gives rigidity
cilliated epithelial cells- waft mucus out of airways
goblet cells- produce mucus
What structures make up the bronchi?
Smooth muscle
Cartilage
Cilliated epithelial cells
Goblet cells
What are the functions of the structures in the Bronchi?
Smooth muscle- Narrows airways
Cartilage- Gives rigidity
Cilliated epithelial cells- Waft mucus out of airways
Goblet cells- Produce mucus
What are the structures in the bronchioles?
Cilliated epithelial cells
smooth muscle
What are the functions of the structures in the bronchioles?
Cilliated epithelial cells- Waft mucus out of the airways
Smooth muscle- Narrows airways
What structures make up the alveoli?
Squamous epithelial cells
Elastin
What are the functions of the structures that make up the alveoli?
Squamous epithelial cells- Short diffusion pathway
Elastin- Allow stretch and recoil
What allows alveoli to have efficient gas exchange?
-Large SA so millions of alveoli provide more space for gas molecules to pass through
-Capillary network: each alveolus is near a capillary which is also one cell thick so short diffusion pathway
-Moisture: A layer of moisture lines the alveoli to allow oxygen to dissolve in order to diffuse through into capillaries.
-Surfactant- stop alveoli from collapsing by reducing surface tension of water.
What is the percentage increase equation?
Percentage increase=
1- (New value-Original Value)
2- Divide by original value
3- Multiply by 100
What is the percentage decrease calculator?
1- (Original value- New value)
2- Divide by original value
3- Multiply by 100
