Complicated pregnancy PPT Flashcards
1st Trimester
Mom’s risk 2
Spontaneous abortion
Ectopic pregnancy
GTD
Infection
-UTI
-Vaginal discharge
1st Trimester infection
UTI
expecting finds
Burning with urination
Fever
Severe back pain
Call for early signs of UTI
1st Trimester infection
Vaginal discharge
Heavy white discharge
Fishy odor
Indicate yeast or Bacterial vaginosis
1st Trimester infection
Prevention
Infections during pregnancy
Hand washing, hand sanitizer
Condom use
Avoiding sick people
Infections that harm the fetus 4
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia
Syphilis
Group B Strep
TORCH
Toxoplasmosis
Other infections
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
HSV
What is STI?
What is STD?
Sexually transmitted infection
sexually transmitted disease
No matter which term people use, they’re talking about the same thing: infections that get passed from one person to another during sex.
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia
Characteristics
STI
Chlamydia is most common STI
Reportable diseases
If it untreated, it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia
Treatment
Should be treated if diagnosed and all neonates should receive erythromycin ointment in the eye
Syphilis
Characteristics
STI
3 stages
Report disease
Syphilis
Test how and when?
RPR-rapid plasma regain is a screening test
All women should be screened at the first prenatal visit
And the again in the 3rd trimester if at high risk
Group B Strep
Characteristics
Can pass go a fetus during labor and delivery
Vaginal flora infection is NOT STI
Group B Strep
Treatment
Women should be screened
Administered during labor
Penicillin G
Ampicillin
TORCH
Characteristics
These infections cross the placenta
Teratogenic effects of the fetus Treatment depends on the infection
Treatment
a)Toxoplasmosis
b) Rubella
c) Cytomegalovirus
a) from raw food or cat feces
Often no symptoms
b) Casual contact with infected people
Immunization
c) STI
No treatment
d) STI
Transmit during virginial birth
1st Trimester
2nd?
3rd?
1st till week 12
2nd week 13 to 26
3rd week 27 to the end
1st Trimester complications
Herpes Simplex
a) How to transmit?
b) Medication
a)
through the placenta
Usually transmitted during vaginal delivery
b)
acyclovir
Not guarantee viral transmission will not occur at birth
1st Trimester complications
HIV
a) When it transmits?
b) Treatment
a)
through the placenta
during delivery
b)
Antiretroviral therapy
but does not guarantee viral transmission will not occur
1st Trimester complications
HIV
What test should avoid?
amniocentesis
placement of internal monitors
episiotomies
After birth neonatal injections should be withheld until after the first bath is given
Amniocentesis?
between the 15th and 20th weeks
at greater risk for birth defects
Episiotomies?
A cut (incision) made in the tissue between the vaginal opening and the anus during childbirth
Warning Signs
1st trimester
Bleeding
Infection >100.4
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Warning Signs 1st trimester
What waring sing
Bleeding
Abdominal pain
Abortion
Ectopic
Placenta previa
Hydatidiform mole
Hydatidiform mole
A noncancerous tumor that develops in the uterus
Warning Signs 1st trimester
What waring sing
Vomiting how to asses?
greater than twice a day
severe nausea
enough to prevent eating and drinking.
Assess amount of vomiting, weight loss, electrolyte imbalance.
1st trimester complications
a) Many of the complications of pregnancy are diagnosed at ER, why?
b) Assess & address issues with hemodynamic stability of the mother FIRST. Once mom is stable, check on the fetus, next. Why?
c) MAINTAIN NPO until diagnosis confirmed and treatment plan established. Why?
a) Women may not know they are pregnant
b)If the mother is not hemodynamically stable the fetus isn’t getting perfused. The uterus is not a vital organ
c) Surgery may be required
hemodynamic stability = stable blood flow
1-hour glucose check
Teaching
Fasting not required
Drink something called Glucola
No food and drink after Glucola
Blood is drawn after one hour
Abnormal >140
>200 no need 3hr test
3-Hour Glucose Tolerance
Teaching?
Diagnosis test
Need to be fasting
No food and drink after Glucola until the test is complete
Need Diet assessment, iron supplementation with teaching