Complicated Deliveries And Antipartum Emergencies

Question 1

Antepartum

Answer 1

Before delivery

Question 2

Intrapartum

Answer 2

During delivery

Question 3

Postpartum

Answer 3

After delivery

Question 4

How does an ectopic pregnancy impact fertility?

Answer 4

• fallopian tube damage
• reduced egg release
• repeat ectopic pregnancies

Question 5

Where are ectopic pregnancies more commonly implanted?

Answer 5

In the fallopian tube

Question 6

What medication is used to treat an un ruptured ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 6

Methotrexate

Question 7

Where is the rarest areas for an ectopic pregnancy to implant?

Answer 7

Ovary or cervix

Question 8

What is a chemical pregnancy

Answer 8

When fertilization and implantation occur but the pregnancy ends within 4- 6 weeks

Question 9

What is a missed miscarriage

Answer 9

Fetal evelopment stops but expulsion of the contents is delayed

Question 10

What are maternal risk factors for miscarriage

Answer 10

• poorly controlled diabetes
• severe hypertension
• kidney disease
• hypo/hyperthyroidism
• hormonal issues
• infection

Question 11

Inevitable abortion

Answer 11

Vaginal bleeding w/ cervical dialation
Heavy bleeding and cramping
Tissue has not passed yet

Question 12

What is gestational trophoblastic disease

Answer 12

A pregnancy induced tumour resulting from problems during fertilization

Question 13

What are the key characteristics of GTD?

Answer 13

Chromosomal abnormalities preventing normal fetal development
Presence of placental tissue but no viable fetus
Produces pregnancy related hormones / pregnancy symptoms

Question 14

Symptoms of GTD

Answer 14

• vaginal bleeding
• N/V
• development of preeclampsia

Question 15

What is the definition of preeclampsia?

Answer 15

New onset of hypertension and protein Uria >20 weeks of gestation

Question 16

What is the blood pressure for preelcamptic patient. What would it be in severe cases?

Answer 16

140/90
Severe: 160/110

Question 17

Could preeclampsia occur postpartum?

Answer 17

Yes, up to 6 weeks postpartum. Be cautious of symptoms after delivery such as blurred vision and headaches

Question 18

In a normal pregnancy, spiral arteries dilate __ to __ times their normal size to form what?

Answer 18

5- 10 times
To form uteroplacental arteries

Question 19

What is the function of uteroplacental arteries?

Answer 19

To deliver large amounts of blood to the fetus

Question 20

What consequence does preeclampsia have on the uteroplacental arteries?

Answer 20

The arteries become fibrous and narrow, reducing blood flow to the placenta which leads to poor perfusion and hypoxia and placental distress