Complicated Deliveries And Antipartum Emergencies Flashcards
Antepartum
Before delivery
Intrapartum
During delivery
Postpartum
After delivery
How does an ectopic pregnancy impact fertility?
- fallopian tube damage
- reduced egg release
- repeat ectopic pregnancies
Where are ectopic pregnancies more commonly implanted?
In the fallopian tube
What medication is used to treat an un ruptured ectopic pregnancy?
Methotrexate
Where is the rarest areas for an ectopic pregnancy to implant?
Ovary or cervix
What is a chemical pregnancy
When fertilization and implantation occur but the pregnancy ends within 4- 6 weeks
What is a missed miscarriage
Fetal evelopment stops but expulsion of the contents is delayed
What are maternal risk factors for miscarriage
- poorly controlled diabetes
- severe hypertension
- kidney disease
- hypo/hyperthyroidism
- hormonal issues
- infection
Inevitable abortion
Vaginal bleeding w/ cervical dialation
Heavy bleeding and cramping
Tissue has not passed yet
What is gestational trophoblastic disease
A pregnancy induced tumour resulting from problems during fertilization
What are the key characteristics of GTD?
Chromosomal abnormalities preventing normal fetal development
Presence of placental tissue but no viable fetus
Produces pregnancy related hormones / pregnancy symptoms
Symptoms of GTD
- vaginal bleeding
- N/V
- development of preeclampsia
What is the definition of preeclampsia?
New onset of hypertension and protein Uria >20 weeks of gestation
What is the blood pressure for preelcamptic patient. What would it be in severe cases?
140/90
Severe: 160/110
Could preeclampsia occur postpartum?
Yes, up to 6 weeks postpartum. Be cautious of symptoms after delivery such as blurred vision and headaches
In a normal pregnancy, spiral arteries dilate __ to __ times their normal size to form what?
5- 10 times
To form uteroplacental arteries
What is the function of uteroplacental arteries?
To deliver large amounts of blood to the fetus
What consequence does preeclampsia have on the uteroplacental arteries?
The arteries become fibrous and narrow, reducing blood flow to the placenta which leads to poor perfusion and hypoxia and placental distress
