Compartment syndrome Flashcards
What is compartment syndrome?
An orthopaediac emergency in which there is buildup of pressure in the muscle compartment of a limb, typically following trauma
What is the aetiology of compartment syndrome?
Trauma to the limb leads to muscle swelling and inflammation - this can disrupt blood flow to the limb, and cause ischaemia
What is the presentation of compartement syndrome?
Severe pain, especially on flexion of the toes
Pallor of the affected limb
Paralysis or weakness of the affected limb
Absence of pulse
Paraesthesia
What is the definitive management of compartment syndrome?
Urgent fasciotomy
What is the interim management of compartment syndrome?
Elevate the leg to heart level
Oxygen
Fluid administration
Remove all dressings/casts/splints
Anaglesia (opioids)