Comparisons

Question 1

Blakemore and Cooper and Maguire

Answer 1

Similarities:
Both investigate brain plasticity.
Both use independent measures.

Differences:
Maguire humans vs b+c animals.
B+C is socially sensitive.

Question 2

Freud and Baron Cohen

Answer 2

Similarities: Both use self report measures.
Both can be considered socially sensitive (BC- people can assume autistic people can’t do certain jobs e.g. customer service because they can’t recognise emotions well, Freud- Oedipus complex and stages of psychosexual development won’t be received well by the public).

Differences: Baron Cohen investigates a specific developmental disorder and Freud doesn’t.
Baron Cohen is a quasi experiment and Freud is a longitudinal case study.
B+C is more valid as it collects quantitative data while Freud doesn’t.

Question 3

Bandura and Chaney

Answer 3

Similarities: both use children.
Both support nurture debate.

Differences: Chaney uses operant conditioning vs Bandura uses social learning theory to explain behaviour.
Chaney uses repeated measures and Bandura uses matched participants.
Chaney more ethical.

Question 4

Gould and Hancock

Answer 4

Similarities: Both can be considered socially sensitive.
Both support determinism (Gould- intelligence is determined by race/ colour and Hancock- language is determined by being a psychopath).

Differences: Gould tests intelligence while Hancock tests language.
Hancock is ethical while Gould is not.

Question 5

Piliavin and Levine

Answer 5

Similarities:
Both use opportunity sampling.
Both unethical in that participants were deceived and couldn’t consent.
Both field experiments.

Differences:
Piliavin is ethnocentric and Levine isn’t enthocentric.
Piliavin changes race of the confederate while in Levine, race isn’t taken into account.

Question 6

Moray and Simons and Chabris

Answer 6

Similarities:
Both use students for self report measures so could lack validity.
Both support determinism: noticing unexpected event and remembering words depends on what the focus is on.
Both low in ecological validity.

Differences: Moray relates to hearing (breaking the inattentional barrier) via dichotic listening task and S+C relates to sight (inattentional blindness) by watching a video.
Moray is more reductionist than S+C because S+C take into account qualities of the video and participant to explain behaviour.