Comparison of approaches

Question 1

What issues and debates can be used to compare all approaches?

Answer 1

Reductionism vs holism
Nature vs nurture
Ideographic vs nomothetic
Free will vs determinism

Question 2

What types of reductionism/holism apply to each approach?

Answer 2

Biological - biological reductionism
Behaviourist - evironmental reductionism
SLT - partially reductionist
Cognitive - experimental reductionism
Psychodynamic - reductionism & holism
Humanistic - holism

Question 3

Why is the psychodynamic approach both reductionist and holist?

Answer 3

Behaviour is reduced to innate drives, while taking into account of multiple aspects of human behaviour.

Question 4

Why is the cognitive approach both nature and nurture?

Answer 4

Suggests information processing is modified by experience e.g. schemas.

Question 5

Why are both cognitive and psychodynamic approaches considered nomothetic and ideographic?

Answer 5

Establish general laws, but use case studies in their research.

Question 6

Why is the cognitive approach considered softly deterministic?

Answer 6

Behaviour is controlled by cognitive processes, humans choose which information they attend to.

Question 7

Other than issues and debates, how else can approaches be compared?

Answer 7

Comparing how behaviour is explained.
Comparing the treatments developed as a result of the approach.

Question 8

What is the structure for a comparing approaches 16 marker?

Answer 8

1 short ‘outline’ paragraph for each approach. 4 paragraphs directly comparing the approaches.