Comparing Prokaryotic To Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

Size comparison

Answer 1

Prokaryotic - smaller (1-5 micrometers)
Eukaryotic - larger (10-100 micrometers)

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Prokaryotic - no nucleus, just nucleoid (region where DNA is found)
Eukaryotic - has a nucleus, it is membrane bound

Question 3

DNA

Answer 3

Prokaryotic - long double strand of DNA (circular), not associated with proteins.
small rings of DNA also are found, called plasmids
Eukaryotic - organised in to chromosomes within the nucleus

Question 4

Membrane bound organelles

Answer 4

Prokaryotic - doesn’t have any
Eukaryotic - has them eg chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 5

Chloroplasts

Answer 5

Prokaryotic - doesn’t have any
Eukaryotic - has them

Question 6

Ribosomes

Answer 6

Prokaryotic - yes - smaller size of 70s
Eukaryotic - yes - larger size of 80s

Question 7

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 7

Prokaryotic - no - but does have a mesosome which is an infolding of plasma membrane
Eukaryotic - yes - RER & SER

Question 8

Cell wall

Answer 8

Prokaryotic - yes - made of mire in (a glycoprotein)
Eukaryotic - only in some types of eukaryotes - eg plants, algae and fungi

Question 9

Other features

Answer 9

Prokaryotic - pilli - reproduction of cell
flagellum - used for movement
capsule - protects the cell
Eukaryotic - varying sizes and numbers of organelles