Compare Health Information Systems and Technologies Flashcards
CIS
Clinical information system: large, computerized database management systems that support several types of healthcare activities, including provider/practitioner order entry, results retrieval, documentation, and decision support, across locations
AIS
Administrative information systems: support client care by managing financial and demographic information and providing reporting capabilities
What is included in AIS?
- client management
- financial
- coding
- payroll
- HR
- quality assurance applications
- contact management systems
- scheduling systems
- risk management systems
What is included in clinical information systems?
- nursing information systems
- monitoring systems
- order entry systems
- Laboratory systems
- Radiology systems
- Pharmacy systems
- other ancillary systems
CPOE
computerized provider order entry: facilitates the process of selecting scripted orders that include precise start-and-stop times, timing of orders, and much more detail
Results-reporting
facilitate the sharing of lab values and results from other diagnostic tests within the electronic health records for clinicians to view
Laboratory-information systems (LISs)
provide the functionality to receive requests, schedule the tests, and track specimen collection and trajectory through the appropriate laboratory
Radiology-information systems (RISs)
have the functionality to receive requests; schedule imaging, including people, rooms, and equipment; provide patient-focused information that helps patients prepare for scheduled diagnostic imaging, manage image storage, and store and report the radiologists’ interpretations.
Picture archiving and communication system (PACS)
support the wide-spread use of digitized medical imaging for x-rays, MRI, CT, and US. Specifically designed for storage, retrieval, presentation, and sharing of digital images
Pharmacy information systems (PISs)
combine administrative and patient-care functions. Administrative- inventory control, billing, and preparation of documentation such as patient profiles, medication labels, and fill lists
Critical care information systems (CCISs)
incorporate or integrate most of the prior applications as well as interfacing with multiple bedside devices to automatically capture physiological data and fluid intake and output
Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs)
Applications that support healthcare practitioners in making patient-care decisions
What do the results of CDSS action include?
clinical guidelines and reminders; drug-dosing support; and alerts for drug allergy, drug-drug interaction, and drug-laboratory interaction
Registration and scheduling system
critical to the effective operation of many other systems within the healthcare setting
Cloud computing
The data from wearable devices can be sent back for analysis using the internet, which is transformational for healthcare and has analysis capabilities
Lab-on-a-chip
point of care diagnostics for the routine monitoring of health-related vital information and status of chronic diseases as well as the detection of contagious diseases in settings outside of the hospital of clinic
Wireless body area network (WBAN)
A specialized communication network that integrates miniature sensors/devices in the human body to enable the remote monitoring of the vital signs of patients, that can transmit information to care providers using the internet
What are the three stages of Meaningful Use?
- promoting data capture and analysis
- advancing clinical processes
- improving patient outcome
Shared electronic health record
an electronic record system that allows clinicians to access a patient’s data and information from the patient’s EHRs at different facilities
How many of the core requirements do EHRs have to have according to MU?
All of them
How many of the menu set 10 do EHRs have to have according to MU?
5 of the 10
What are the general benefits of EHRs?
- improved data integrity
- Increased productivity
- Improved quality of care
- Increased satisfaction for caregivers
What are the nursing benefits of EHRs?
- facilities comparisons of current data and data from previous events
- Supports an ongoing record of the client’s education and learning response across encounters or visits
- Eliminates the need to repeat the collection of baseline demographic data with each encounter, saving nursing time
- provides universal data access to all who have access to the EHR
- Improves data access and quality for research
- Provides prompts to ensure administration and documentation of medications and treatments
- Improves documentation and quality of care
- Facilitates automation of critical and clinical pathways
- Supports the development of a database that facilitates research, provides information useful to administrators and clinicians, and allows recognition of nursing work in measurable units when used with a common unified structure for nursing language
What are the benefits of EHRs for healthcare providers?
- improved eligibility for reimbursement
- Simultaneous record access by multiple users and promotion of interdisciplinary care
- Previous encounters may be accessed easily
- Faster chart access eliminating waiting for old paper records to be located and delivered from the medical records department
- More comprehensive information is available
- Fewer lost records than with paper systems
- Improved efficiency of billing inclusive of automated charge capture
- Better reporting tools. Trends and clinical graphics are available on demand
- Reduced liability through better decision-making and documentation
- Improved reimbursement rates
- Enhanced decision support through system-generated prompts with preventive care protocols
- Enhanced ability to meet regulatory requirements such as the physician quality reporting initiative
- Supports pay-for-performance bonuses
- early warning of changes in patient status
- Improved population health
- Increased efficiencies in workflow
What are the consumer benefits of EHRs?
- decreased wait time for treatment
- Improved access and control over health information
- Increased use of best practices with the incorporation of decision support
- Improved ability to ask informed questions
- Greater responsibility for one’s own care
- Increased medication safety
- Quicker turnaround time for ordered treatments
- Alerts and reminders for upcoming appointments and scheduled tests
- Increased use of preventive care
- Greater clarity to discharge instructions
- elimination of healthcare disparities
What are the payer benefits of EHRs?
- supports pay for performance as quality measures are gathered
- supports disease management, lowering costs for expensive diagnoses
Workarounds
variations in procedures and processes created to accomplish work when systems or workflows are deficient or inefficient
What are the three ways that data integrity can be compromised?
- incorrect entry
- Data tampering
- System failure
Health information networks
vendor, community-wide, regional, statewide, and global enterprises, such as military operating sites, with the goal to exchange patient-level information.
Interoperability
The ability of two or more health information systems to exchange electronic clinical information with, and use electronic clinical information from, other systems
Health information exchange
The electronic movement of health related information or clinical data that follows patients across delivery settings, according to nationally recognized standards
Master person index
A standard person-identifier code that uniquely identifies an individual and permits the correlation process to match the person’s data from a variety of different sources of health providers
record-locator service
used to access and find health information that matches the identified individual
What are three HIE forms of health information exchange
- query-based exchange
- directed exchange
- consumer-mediated exchange
query-based exchange
often used for unplanned events, like a visit to the ED. It allows providers to find and request information on a patient from other providers
Directed exchange
used to support coordinated care and allows the ability to send and receive secure information electronically between care providers (send patient information directly to another healthcare professional)
Consumer-mediated exchange
allows the ability for patients to review, manage, and control the use of their health information among providers
AI
Artificial intelligence is a kind of health information-driven technology wherein intelligent systems and technology use underlying trends or patterns to inform decision making
In the DIKW framework, what is the level at which AI-driven predictive analytics is used to support decision-making by nurses
Wisdom- This is the level where the information the nurse is presented with is transformed into a clinical interpretation and judgment of care
