Compare Health Information Systems and Technologies

Question 1

CIS

Answer 1

Clinical information system: large, computerized database management systems that support several types of healthcare activities, including provider/practitioner order entry, results retrieval, documentation, and decision support, across locations

Question 2

AIS

Answer 2

Administrative information systems: support client care by managing financial and demographic information and providing reporting capabilities

Question 3

What is included in AIS?

Answer 3

1. client management
2. financial
3. coding
4. payroll
5. HR
6. quality assurance applications
7. contact management systems
8. scheduling systems
9. risk management systems

Question 4

What is included in clinical information systems?

Answer 4

1. nursing information systems
2. monitoring systems
3. order entry systems
4. Laboratory systems
5. Radiology systems
6. Pharmacy systems
7. other ancillary systems

Question 5

CPOE

Answer 5

computerized provider order entry: facilitates the process of selecting scripted orders that include precise start-and-stop times, timing of orders, and much more detail

Question 6

Results-reporting

Answer 6

facilitate the sharing of lab values and results from other diagnostic tests within the electronic health records for clinicians to view

Question 7

Laboratory-information systems (LISs)

Answer 7

provide the functionality to receive requests, schedule the tests, and track specimen collection and trajectory through the appropriate laboratory

Question 8

Radiology-information systems (RISs)

Answer 8

have the functionality to receive requests; schedule imaging, including people, rooms, and equipment; provide patient-focused information that helps patients prepare for scheduled diagnostic imaging, manage image storage, and store and report the radiologists’ interpretations.

Question 9

Picture archiving and communication system (PACS)

Answer 9

support the wide-spread use of digitized medical imaging for x-rays, MRI, CT, and US. Specifically designed for storage, retrieval, presentation, and sharing of digital images

Question 10

Pharmacy information systems (PISs)

Answer 10

combine administrative and patient-care functions. Administrative- inventory control, billing, and preparation of documentation such as patient profiles, medication labels, and fill lists

Question 11

Critical care information systems (CCISs)

Answer 11

incorporate or integrate most of the prior applications as well as interfacing with multiple bedside devices to automatically capture physiological data and fluid intake and output

Question 12

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs)

Answer 12

Applications that support healthcare practitioners in making patient-care decisions

Question 13

What do the results of CDSS action include?

Answer 13

clinical guidelines and reminders; drug-dosing support; and alerts for drug allergy, drug-drug interaction, and drug-laboratory interaction

Question 14

Registration and scheduling system

Answer 14

critical to the effective operation of many other systems within the healthcare setting

Question 15

Cloud computing

Answer 15

The data from wearable devices can be sent back for analysis using the internet, which is transformational for healthcare and has analysis capabilities

Question 16

Lab-on-a-chip

Answer 16

point of care diagnostics for the routine monitoring of health-related vital information and status of chronic diseases as well as the detection of contagious diseases in settings outside of the hospital of clinic

Question 17

Wireless body area network (WBAN)

Answer 17

A specialized communication network that integrates miniature sensors/devices in the human body to enable the remote monitoring of the vital signs of patients, that can transmit information to care providers using the internet

Question 18

What are the three stages of Meaningful Use?

Answer 18

1. promoting data capture and analysis
2. advancing clinical processes
3. improving patient outcome

Question 19

Shared electronic health record

Answer 19

an electronic record system that allows clinicians to access a patient’s data and information from the patient’s EHRs at different facilities

Question 20

How many of the core requirements do EHRs have to have according to MU?

Answer 20

All of them

Question 21

How many of the menu set 10 do EHRs have to have according to MU?

Answer 21

5 of the 10

Question 22

What are the general benefits of EHRs?

Answer 22

1. improved data integrity
2. Increased productivity
3. Improved quality of care
4. Increased satisfaction for caregivers

Question 23

What are the nursing benefits of EHRs?

Answer 23

1. facilities comparisons of current data and data from previous events
2. Supports an ongoing record of the client’s education and learning response across encounters or visits
3. Eliminates the need to repeat the collection of baseline demographic data with each encounter, saving nursing time
4. provides universal data access to all who have access to the EHR
5. Improves data access and quality for research
6. Provides prompts to ensure administration and documentation of medications and treatments
7. Improves documentation and quality of care
8. Facilitates automation of critical and clinical pathways
9. Supports the development of a database that facilitates research, provides information useful to administrators and clinicians, and allows recognition of nursing work in measurable units when used with a common unified structure for nursing language

Question 24

What are the benefits of EHRs for healthcare providers?

Answer 24

1. improved eligibility for reimbursement
2. Simultaneous record access by multiple users and promotion of interdisciplinary care
3. Previous encounters may be accessed easily
4. Faster chart access eliminating waiting for old paper records to be located and delivered from the medical records department
5. More comprehensive information is available
6. Fewer lost records than with paper systems
7. Improved efficiency of billing inclusive of automated charge capture
8. Better reporting tools. Trends and clinical graphics are available on demand
9. Reduced liability through better decision-making and documentation
10. Improved reimbursement rates
11. Enhanced decision support through system-generated prompts with preventive care protocols
12. Enhanced ability to meet regulatory requirements such as the physician quality reporting initiative
13. Supports pay-for-performance bonuses
14. early warning of changes in patient status
15. Improved population health
16. Increased efficiencies in workflow

Question 25

What are the consumer benefits of EHRs?

Answer 25

1. decreased wait time for treatment
2. Improved access and control over health information
3. Increased use of best practices with the incorporation of decision support
4. Improved ability to ask informed questions
5. Greater responsibility for one’s own care
6. Increased medication safety
7. Quicker turnaround time for ordered treatments
8. Alerts and reminders for upcoming appointments and scheduled tests
9. Increased use of preventive care
10. Greater clarity to discharge instructions
11. elimination of healthcare disparities

Question 26

What are the payer benefits of EHRs?

Answer 26

1. supports pay for performance as quality measures are gathered
2. supports disease management, lowering costs for expensive diagnoses

Question 27

Workarounds

Answer 27

variations in procedures and processes created to accomplish work when systems or workflows are deficient or inefficient

Question 28

What are the three ways that data integrity can be compromised?

Answer 28

1. incorrect entry
2. Data tampering
3. System failure

Question 29

Health information networks

Answer 29

vendor, community-wide, regional, statewide, and global enterprises, such as military operating sites, with the goal to exchange patient-level information.

Question 30

Interoperability

Answer 30

The ability of two or more health information systems to exchange electronic clinical information with, and use electronic clinical information from, other systems

Question 31

Health information exchange

Answer 31

The electronic movement of health related information or clinical data that follows patients across delivery settings, according to nationally recognized standards

Question 32

Master person index

Answer 32

A standard person-identifier code that uniquely identifies an individual and permits the correlation process to match the person’s data from a variety of different sources of health providers

Question 33

record-locator service

Answer 33

used to access and find health information that matches the identified individual

Question 34

What are three HIE forms of health information exchange

Answer 34

1. query-based exchange
2. directed exchange
3. consumer-mediated exchange

Question 35

query-based exchange

Answer 35

often used for unplanned events, like a visit to the ED. It allows providers to find and request information on a patient from other providers

Question 36

Directed exchange

Answer 36

used to support coordinated care and allows the ability to send and receive secure information electronically between care providers (send patient information directly to another healthcare professional)

Question 37

Consumer-mediated exchange

Answer 37

allows the ability for patients to review, manage, and control the use of their health information among providers

Question 38

AI

Answer 38

Artificial intelligence is a kind of health information-driven technology wherein intelligent systems and technology use underlying trends or patterns to inform decision making

Question 39

In the DIKW framework, what is the level at which AI-driven predictive analytics is used to support decision-making by nurses

Answer 39

Wisdom- This is the level where the information the nurse is presented with is transformed into a clinical interpretation and judgment of care