1.1 Compare and contrast the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model layers and encapsulation concepts Flashcards

1
Q

What is data encapsulation within the OSI model?

A

Process of adding headers and trailers around some data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is data decapsulation within the OSI model?

A

Is the reverse process of encapsulation. It involves removing the headers and trailers as data moves up the layers of the OSI model until the application layer receives the original data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Ethernet header?

A

The Ethernet header is part of the data link layer

destination source MAC

EtherType field

which indicates the protocol of the encapsulated payload.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the Internet Protocol (IP) header?

A

contains information necessary for routing and delivering packets,

such as source and destination IP addresses version

header length

time-to-live (TTL).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?

A

source and destination port numbers

sequence number,

acknowledgment number,

flags,

window size

checksum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are User Datagram Protocol (UDP) headers?

A

UDP Header: Contains fields like source and destination port numbers, length, and checksum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the payload in data encapsulation?

A

The payload is the actual data being transmitted, which is encapsulated within the headers of various protocols at different layers of the OSI model.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are TCP flags?

A

TCP flags are control bits used to manage the state of a connection. Common flags include:

SYN (Synchronize)
ACK (Acknowledgment)
FIN (Finish)
RST (Reset)
PSH (Push)
URG (Urgent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Layer 1 of the OSI model?

A

Physical:

Physical connection between devices

cables
fiber
signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Layer 2 of the OSI model?

A

Data Link Layer

Responsible for node-to-node data transfer, error detection, and correction.

MAC addresses
Switches
Hubs

Frames

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Layer 3 of the OSI model?

A

Network Layer

Handles routing of data packets via IP addresses.

Fragments frames for travel to different networks

Routers
Fire Wall

Packets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Layer 4 of the OSI model?

A

Layer 4 – Transport:
“Post Office Layer”

Deals with port numbers

Ensures complete data transfer and error recovery.

Includes:
TCP and UDP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Layer 5 of the OSI model?

A

Layer 5 – Session:

Start, Stop, and Restart

Tunnel

Manages connections between applications.

It handles setup, coordination, and termination of sessions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Layer 6 of the OSI model?

A

Layer 6 – Presentation:

Character Encoding Encryption
Decryption

SSL/TLS

Insures data is in a usable format

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Layer 7 of the OSI model?

A

Layer 7 – Application:

The Layer that we see

HTTP
FTP
SMTP

Provides network services directly to applications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is included within an Encapsulation frame?

A

Frame Header
IP Header
TCP Header
Application Header
Frame Trailer

17
Q

What is the purpose of a TCP Flag?

A

Describes the payload

Sends control flags within the packet

18
Q

Where can the TCP flag be found?

A

Inside of an TCP Header

19
Q

What are some control flags found inside of a TCP Flag?

A

SYN
PSH
RST
FIN

20
Q

What is SYN?

A

Synchronize sequence numbers

21
Q

What is PSH?

A

Push data to the application without buffer

22
Q

What is RST?

A

Reset connection

23
Q

What is FIN?

A

Last packet from sender

24
Q

What is MTU?

A

Maximum IP packet to send

25
Q

What is the max size of an IP Packet?

A

1500 bytes