Comparative Ocular Anatomy

Question 1

What is the group of tissues around the eye that protect/support and assist in the function of the globe?

Answer 1

Adnexa

Question 2

The globe is defined as:

Answer 2

Eye and direct anatomical structures

Question 3

Define the orbit

Answer 3

Bony cavity that protects the globe

Question 4

What does the structure of the orbit depend on?

Answer 4

The lifestyle of the animal

Question 5

An incomplete orbital rim allows for what special movement?

Answer 5

Allows jaw to open wider (dogs, cats, pigs)

Question 6

What is the afferent visual pathway?

Answer 6

CN II - optic

Question 7

Where are objects in the temporal visual field projected upon?

Answer 7

Nasal retina

Question 8

Objects in the nasal visual field are projected upon the __________ retina

Answer 8

Temporal

Question 9

Prey species have what type of cornea?

Answer 9

Horizontally elliptical

Question 10

Which nerve is used in a Motor nerve block to cause eyelid akinesia?

Answer 10

Auriculopalpebral nerve (CN 7)

Question 11

Which nerve is used in eyelid analgesia (sensory)?

Answer 11

Supraorbital (CN V)

Question 12

The outer fibrous coat are composed of the _________ and ____________

Answer 12

cornea and sclera

Question 13

What is the cornea made of?

Answer 13

Stroma

Question 14

If fluid gets into the cornea, what happens?

Answer 14

Corneal edema

Question 15

Describe the nasolacrimal system access in SA and LA

Answer 15

SA: eyelid punctum
LA: nasal punctum

Question 16

Where does drainage extend from the nasolacrimal duct to the?

Answer 16

Nasopharynx

Question 17

What is the term for the middle vascular coat of the eye composed of the iris, choroid and ciliary body?

Answer 17

Uvea

Question 18

The central portion of the iris will atrophy into the _________________

Answer 18

Pupil

Question 19

The anterior uvea function is to

Answer 19

regulate the amount of light entering

Question 20

Miosis:

Answer 20

Constrict pupil

Question 21

Mydryasis

Answer 21

dilation of pupil

Question 22

The shape of the pupil dedpend on?

Answer 22

Species: Prey vs Predator

Question 23

What structure in herbivores serves as a sunshade?

Answer 23

Granula iridica (corpora nigra)

Question 24

The abnormal shape of the pupil is termed:

Answer 24

Dyscoria

Question 25

List some causes of dyscoria

Answer 25

-iris atrophy - uveitis -scarring

Question 26

What is te function of the choroid?

Answer 26

Provide blood supply

Question 27

What can one use to evaluate the opacities in front of the retina?

Answer 27

Retro-illumination

Question 28

The "eye shine" structure is the:

Answer 28

tapetum lucidum

Question 29

The collective view of the back of the eye is termed:

Answer 29

fundus

Question 30

What is included in the Fundus

Answer 30

- vitreous - retina - choroid - optic nerve

Question 31

which species have true intraretinal vessels?

Answer 31

Mammals

Question 32

IF the vessels are across the fundus, it is termed?

Answer 32

Holangiotic

Question 33

Paurangiotic means:

Answer 33

Vessels are only seen part of the way

Question 34

In swine ad camelids, you will find what type of fundus?

Answer 34

Atapetal

Question 35

If the retina is unpigmented in an equine, what breed is most likely pertaining to?

Answer 35

Appaloosa

Question 36

If there is a fuzzy junction of the tapetum, what physical appearance may the horse have?

Answer 36

long coat

Question 37

The spots in the fundus are often referred to as:

Answer 37

Stars of Winslow

Question 38

Describe vision in horses/cattle

Answer 38

Primarily rod receptors: dichromatic (blue/yellow)