Comparative Ocular Anatomy Flashcards
What is the group of tissues around the eye that protect/support and assist in the function of the globe?
Adnexa
The globe is defined as:
Eye and direct anatomical structures
Define the orbit
Bony cavity that protects the globe
What does the structure of the orbit depend on?
The lifestyle of the animal
An incomplete orbital rim allows for what special movement?
Allows jaw to open wider (dogs, cats, pigs)
What is the afferent visual pathway?
CN II - optic
Where are objects in the temporal visual field projected upon?
Nasal retina
Objects in the nasal visual field are projected upon the __________ retina
Temporal
Prey species have what type of cornea?
Horizontally elliptical
Which nerve is used in a Motor nerve block to cause eyelid akinesia?
Auriculopalpebral nerve (CN 7)
Which nerve is used in eyelid analgesia (sensory)?
Supraorbital (CN V)
The outer fibrous coat are composed of the _________ and ____________
cornea and sclera
What is the cornea made of?
Stroma
If fluid gets into the cornea, what happens?
Corneal edema
Describe the nasolacrimal system access in SA and LA
SA: eyelid punctum
LA: nasal punctum
Where does drainage extend from the nasolacrimal duct to the?
Nasopharynx
What is the term for the middle vascular coat of the eye composed of the iris, choroid and ciliary body?
Uvea
The central portion of the iris will atrophy into the _________________
Pupil
The anterior uvea function is to
regulate the amount of light entering
Miosis:
Constrict pupil
Mydryasis
dilation of pupil
The shape of the pupil dedpend on?
Species: Prey vs Predator
What structure in herbivores serves as a sunshade?
Granula iridica (corpora nigra)
The abnormal shape of the pupil is termed:
Dyscoria
List some causes of dyscoria
-iris atrophy
- uveitis
-scarring
What is te function of the choroid?
Provide blood supply
What can one use to evaluate the opacities in front of the retina?
Retro-illumination
The “eye shine” structure is the:
tapetum lucidum
The collective view of the back of the eye is termed:
fundus
What is included in the Fundus
- vitreous
- retina
- choroid
- optic nerve
which species have true intraretinal vessels?
Mammals
IF the vessels are across the fundus, it is termed?
Holangiotic
Paurangiotic means:
Vessels are only seen part of the way
In swine ad camelids, you will find what type of fundus?
Atapetal
If the retina is unpigmented in an equine, what breed is most likely pertaining to?
Appaloosa
If there is a fuzzy junction of the tapetum, what physical appearance may the horse have?
long coat
The spots in the fundus are often referred to as:
Stars of Winslow
Describe vision in horses/cattle
Primarily rod receptors: dichromatic (blue/yellow)
