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2ND YR 1ST SEM > COMP ARCH PRELIM > Flashcards

COMP ARCH PRELIM Flashcards

1
Q

a technique to represent and work with numbers

A

NUMBER SYSTEM

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2
Q

the most common number system

A

DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

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3
Q

the value of digits will depend on its position

A

POSITIONAL VALUE SYSTEM

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4
Q

in binary number system, what is the Least significant bit (LSB)

A

the rightmost digit

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5
Q

in binary number system, what is the Most significant bit (MSB)

A

the leftmost digit

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6
Q

What does the binary number system represent?

A

on and off

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7
Q

what is each binary digit called?

A

bit

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8
Q

_________ is measured in terms of how many bits it can store

A

Computer memory

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9
Q

how many bits in 1 byte

A

8 bits

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10
Q

it has 8 digits from 0-7

A

OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM

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11
Q

What digits are used in the hexadecimal number system?

A

0-9 & A-F

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12
Q

7 bit code that has 128 (27) possible codes

A

ASCII

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13
Q

ASCII stands for

A

American Standard code for Information Interchange

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14
Q

Most widely used alphanumeric code

A

ASCII

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15
Q

This is developed to support Indian languages on computer

A

ISCII

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16
Q

ISCII stands for:

A

Indian Script Code for Information Interchange

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17
Q

This is mostly used by government departments

A

ISCII

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18
Q

International coding system designed to be used with different language scripts

A

Unicode

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19
Q

Encompasses all physical aspects of computer systems.

A

COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

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20
Q

Logical aspects of system implementation as seen by the programmer.
E.g., instruction sets, instruction formats, data types, addressing
modes.

A

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

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21
Q

3 computer components

A
  1. processor
  2. Memory
  3. Mechanism
22
Q

its function is to interpret and execute programs

A

processor

23
Q

its function is to store both data and programs

A

memory

24
Q

this is for transferring data to and from the outside world

A

Mechanism

25
Q

devices that input data into the computer such as a keyboard, mouse, scanner, and digital camera, microphone, QR code reader, RFID reader

A

Input devices

26
Q

the memory unit consists of:

A
  1. RAM
  2. ROM
  3. CACHE MEMORY
  4. SECONDARY STORAGE
27
Q

where programs are stored during execution
-Main memory/primary storage

A

RAM (Random Access Memory)

28
Q

contains special instructions for the computer to operate

A

ROM (Read Only Memory)

29
Q

increases the speed of the processor by recording and anticipating instructions

A

Cache memory

30
Q

storage provided by peripheral devices, used when large amounts of data have to be stored on a more permanent basis

A

Secondary storage

31
Q

processing unit consists of

A
  1. central processing unit
  2. Arithmetic-logic unit
  3. control unit
32
Q

the brain of a computer, containing of all the circuitry needed to process
- Composed of ALU and control unit (CU)

A

CPU

33
Q

where all arithmetic and logic operations and manipulation of numbers take place

A

ALU

34
Q

controls and coordinates the order of execution of program instructions

A

Control Unit

35
Q

The nerve center of a computer

A

Control Unit

36
Q

Used to communicate data from computers to the users.

A

Output Unit

37
Q

Processor speeds are measured in ____ or ____

A

MHz or GHz

38
Q

It is a unit of storage

A

Byte

39
Q

_____ is measured in MB

A

RAM (main memory)

40
Q

it is measured in GB for small systems, TB for large systems

A

Disk storage

41
Q

______on computer chips are measured in microns

A

Circuits

42
Q

the “brain of the system”, it executes program instructions

A

Microprocessor

43
Q

it determines the amount of data and size of programs you can store

A

Hard disk capacity

44
Q

it allow movement of data between a system and its external devices

A

Ports

45
Q

send data as a series of pulses along 1 or 2 data lines

A

Serial ports

46
Q

send data as single ports along at least 8 data lines

A

Parallel ports

47
Q

an intelligent serial interface that is self configuring (supports “plug and play”)

A

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

48
Q

What are the standard organizations related to computer components?

A
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
  • International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
  • American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
  • British Standards Institution (BSI)
  • International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
49
Q

Established standards for computer components, data representation, and signaling protocols, among many other things

A

The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)

50
Q

Concerns itself with the interoperability of telecommunications systems, including data communications and telephony

A

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU)

51
Q

influential in formulating standards for computer hardware and software, including their methods of manufacture

A

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

2ND YR 1ST SEM (5 decks)

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