Community Health

Question 1

What is public health ?

Answer 1

focuses on the entire population
- health promotion and disease prevention
- Ex.) everyone in IN or the US, Indiana State Department of Health

Question 2

What is community health ?

Answer 2

focuses on a specific group of people
- health promotion in a specific geographic area
- Ex.) IUI with it’s students

Question 3

What is population health ?

Answer 3

focuses on the needs of a specific group of people

Question 4

What is community ?

Answer 4

collective group in same geographical location
- may share culture, religion, ethnicity, health issues, or socioeconomic circumstances
- client is the community or population, not the individual

Question 5

What is the health belief model ?

Answer 5

internal motivation for improving health

Question 6

What is Upstream/Downstream thinking ?

Answer 6

• Downstream: current problems, narrow focus (short term solutions)
• Upstream: focus on larger social issues (long term solutions)
• Upstream Ex.) affordable housing & government funded health insurance

Question 7

What does a population health nurse do ?

Answer 7

• assist pt’s in managing health conditions in community
• connect pt’s to community resources
• coordinate care across health care spectrum
• create health initiatives that target specific populations
• Goal: overall improvement in quality of life

Question 8

What does a community health nurse do ?

Answer 8

• address social determinants of health
• Goal: decrease health inequities
• Practice settings: schools, workplaces, churches, correctional facilities, home health

Question 9

What are the core functions of public health ?

Answer 9

• Assessment: gathering/analyzing health data
• Policy Development: collab with lawmakers, development of public health policies
• Assurance: improve accessibility and delivery of services

Question 10

What is the healthy people 2030 ?

Answer 10

broad national goals for public health
- influence public health policy
- re-evaluated every 10 years

Question 11

What are the social determinants of health ?

Answer 11

external factors that influence health
- economic stability
- access to and quality of education
- access to and quality of health care
- neighborhood/built environment
- social and community context

Question 12

What is primary prevention ?

Answer 12

targets healthy individual/communities
- Goal: prevention of illness
- Ex.) hand hygiene, education, immunizations

Question 13

What is secondary prevention ?

Answer 13

targets those “at risk” for illness
- Goal: early detection/treatment
- Ex.) BP screening, STD testing,

Question 14

What is tertiary prevention ?

Answer 14

targets individuals with health conditions
- Goal: minimize complications and maximize health
- Ex.) rehabilitation, long term social support, home health services, education on disease management

Question 15

What is a community gatekeeper ?

Answer 15

anyone with impact on community programs
- paid employees, volunteers, etc
- programs should include gatekeeper of all levels

Question 15

What are some nursing advocacy that happens in community health ?

Answer 15

supporting a cause, idea, or policy for someone else
Ex.)
- providing education so pt can make informed decisions
- speaking for pt when they are unable to do so
- providing community resources to pt
- requestion appropriate PPE in workplace

Question 16

What is a community health assessment ?

Answer 16

identifies community needs and priorities
- primary and secondary data collected
- begins with an assessment of community strengths

Question 17

What are examples of primary data ?

Answer 17

windshield surveys, interviews, direct observation
- data you yourself collected

Question 18

What are examples of secondary data ?

Answer 18

census data, statistics, rankings
- data someone else collected that you are accessing

Question 19

What is an ecological model ?

Answer 19

recognized that the same environment may have different impacts on individuals

Question 20

What is a windshield survey ?

Answer 20

systematic observations (collecting data) about the community by driving through the area to assess people and the environment

Question 21

What is a built environment assessment tool manual ?

Answer 21

provides guideline for assessing built environment
- home, schools, workplaces

Question 22

What are some core features of a built environment assessment tool manual ?

Answer 22

• infrastructure: roads, intersections, public transit
• walkability: paths, sidewalks
• bikeability: bike lanes,
• recreational sites: playgrounds, green spaces
• food: grocery stores, farmer’s markets

Question 23

How do you evaluate community programs ?

Answer 23

• performance measurement: collecting data to measure performance & considers predetermined goals and if they are met
• program evaluation: looks at program as a whole & examines effectiveness of program outcomes

Question 24

What are impact reports ?

Answer 24

• communication of program evaluation
• dissemination of information to the community
• shared through variety of mediums (social media, radio, etc)