Community and Public Health Nursing

Question 1

gains in the health of populations have been related largely to changes in safety, sanitation, and personal behavior. T or F

Answer 1

True

Question 2

what is community health nursing

Answer 2

nursing practice in the community, with the primary focus on health of individuals, families, and groups in the community.

Question 3

what is the goal of community health nursing

Answer 3

preserve, protect, promote and maintain health

Question 4

what is public health

Answer 4

what society does to assure healthy conditions for people

Question 5

what it the aim of public health

Answer 5

generate a community effort to address public interest in health by applying scientific/technical knowledge to prevent disease/disability

Question 6

what is community/public health nursing

Answer 6

a synthesis of nursing and public health practice

Question 7

characteristics of community/public health nursing

Answer 7

population focused
community oriented
health and prevention focus
interventions at the community/population level
concern for health of all members of a population

Question 8

what is a population/aggregate

Answer 8

Collection of individuals with 1 or more characteristics in common
Members of a community defined by geography
Members of a community defined by a special interest

Question 9

what is population focused practice

Answer 9

Problems and solutions implemented for a population opposed to interventions at the individual level

Question 10

why population focused practice

Answer 10

concerns about care (access, insurance coverage, quality of service, costs)
goals for protecting health, promoting health and preventing disease/disability

Question 11

who was Florence nightingale

Answer 11

1st school for nurses
crimean war 1854-56
“cheaper to promote health than maintain people in sickness”
community health nursing principles developed
“district nursing” established with William Rathbone

Question 12

who was lillian wald

Answer 12

founded henry street settlement and “public health nursing”
originated family focused nursing
stressed health teaching to promote health/prevent disease
1902 established school of nursing in US
Founder of nat’l organization for public health nursing

Question 13

who was mary breckenridge

Answer 13

founder of frontier nursing service in Kentucky

nurse midwifery services, built a hospital, established clinics

Question 14

concepts in community/public health nursing

Answer 14

community as client

community as a partner

Question 15

educational requirements for public health nursing

Answer 15

Baccalaureate - practice

Masters - specialty

Question 16

what is home health nursing

Answer 16

nursing in a persons place of residence

Question 17

types of home health agencies

Answer 17

official, voluntary private, hospital based, combination and proprietary

Question 18

inter-professional approach

Answer 18

interdisciplinary collaboration is mandated for medicare certified home health agency - MUST BE DOCUMENTED

Question 19

scope of practice for home health nursing

Answer 19

health promotion and disease prevention
episodic/intermittent care
short and long-term goals

Question 20

practice fxns of home health nurse

Answer 20

Direct care - physical aspect of care (assess, wound) - care MUST BE SKILLED for medicare reimbursement
Indirect care - activities done by a nurse to improve/coordinate care (consult, refer)

Question 21

standards of community health nursing is developed by

Answer 21

ANA - uses nursing process as a framework for client care

Question 22

responsibilities of disciplines

Answer 22

physician - certifies there is a medical problem, reviewed every 62 days
PT - maintain, prevent, restore trt
OT - educate to develop/maintain ADL
Speech - eat/swallow; speech/language
Social Worker - community resources, equipment, crisis intervention

Question 23

role of home health aide

Answer 23

personal hygiene

light housekeeping

Question 24

who supervises home health aide

Answer 24

nurse or PT; supervision req’d every 2 weeks

Question 25

quality control r/t home care

Answer 25

Documentation of nursing care demonstrating client need for services, shows multiple disciplinary approach

Question 26

who accredits home care agencies

Answer 26

JCAHO - 1988
CHAP - 1965 community health accreditation program
HCFA - health care financing admin. - oversees medicare

Question 27

regulation for home health is done at the

Answer 27

state level

Question 28

reimbursement for home health care provided by

Answer 28

medicare/medicaid

Question 29

to qualify for medicare you must be

Answer 29

65 or older
permanently disabled
under care of MD
confined to home (homebound)
in need of SKILLED service on an intermittent basis that is medically necessary

Question 30

what does medicare emphasize

Answer 30

Episodic/skilled care NOT PREVENTION

HCFA serves as the plan of care - certifies pt is home-bound, under medical care, and in need of home-care services

Question 31

future/current trends of healthcare

Answer 31

Technology
Access to Care
Pediatric/Maternal Care

Question 32

10 health achievements in the US

Answer 32

Vaccines
Safer Workplaces
Decreased CAD/Stroke Deaths
Tobacco recognized as health hazard
Healthy Mom/Baby
Motor Vehicle Safety
Family Planning
Safe/Healthy Foods
Fluoride in water
Infectious Disease Control

Question 33

5 factors impacting health care delivery and nursing practice globally, nationally and locally

Answer 33

patient vs consumer
litigious society
technology 
transportation
insurance