Community and Health Concepts

Question 1

a. Had short life span because their main problem was just finding enough food to eat.
b. Mix diet fairly balanced and nutritionally complete

Answer 1

Hunter-Gatherers

Question 2

Primitive people believed in natural spirits that were sometimes mischievous or vengeful.

Answer 2

Mythology, Superstition, and Religion

Question 3

Domesticated animals provided not only food and labor; they also carried diseases that could be transmitted to humans.

Answer 3

The Agricultural Revolution

Question 4

Diseases not as punishment from the gods, but as an imbalance of man with the environment.

Answer 4

The Hippocratic Corpus

Question 5

Acute infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.

Answer 5

The Bubonic Plague

Question 6

What bacteria caused the Bubonic Plague?

Answer 6

Yersinia Pestis

Question 7

What caused the Bubonic Plague?

Answer 7

Not known
Most popular explanation is “miasmas”

Question 8

What is the mode of transmission?

Answer 8

Flea Bites

Question 9

Separation of an individual who has possibly been exposed to disease

Answer 9

Quarantine

Question 10

Quarantine comes from the Italian

Answer 10

Quarantena

Question 11

Separation of a person who has the disease

Answer 11

Isolation

Question 12

The Bills of Mortality (1662)
Observed the common death of men

Answer 12

John Graunt

Question 13

1670s
Father of Microscopy
First to see bacteria, yeast, protozoa, sperm cells, and red blood cells

Answer 13

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 14

Published “Micrographia” in 1665
Compound microscope

Answer 14

Robert Hooke

Question 15

a Scottish naval surgeon

Answer 15

James Lind

Question 16

due to a deficiency in vitamin C

Answer 16

Scurvy

Question 17

Parisian physician
Bloodletting with leeches

Answer 17

Francois Broussais

Question 18

Studied bloodletting and found it ineffective

Answer 18

Pierre Louis

Question 19

period that saw an embrace of democracy, citizenship, reason, rationality, and social value of intelligence

Answer 19

Enlightenment

Question 20

Hungarian physician practiced in the maternity department of the Vienna General Hospital in 1840s

Answer 20

Ignaz Semmelweis

Question 21

American Physician
M.D. from Harvard Medical School

Answer 21

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.

Question 22

Father of Epidemiology
Proposed a new hypothesis for how
cholera was transmitted
London

Answer 22

John Snow

Question 23

an infectious disease that became a major threat to health during 1800

Answer 23

Cholera

Question 24

drainage, sewers, garbage disposal, regulation of housing…..

Answer 24

Edwin Chadwick

Question 25

French biologist contributions to germ theory

Answer 25

Louis Pasteur

Question 26

Microbes in milk can be killed by heating 130 ⁰F

Answer 26

Pasteurization

Question 27

defined public health

Answer 27

Charles-Edward A. Winslow

Question 28

science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals

Answer 28

Public Health

Question 29

A general condition of a person in all aspects

Answer 29

HEALTH

Question 30

A discipline that concerns itself with the study and betterment of the health characteristics of biological communities

Answer 30

COMMUNITY HEALTH

Question 31

which refers to interventions which focus on the individual or family such as handwashing, etc.

Answer 31

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Question 32

refers to activities which focus on the environment such as spraying insecticides.

Answer 32

SECONDARY HEALTH CARE

Question 33

refers to those interventions that take place in a hospital setting such as surgery

Answer 33

TERTIARY HEALTH CARE

Question 34

Branch of public health that is concerned with all aspects of natural and built environment that may affect human health

Answer 34

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

Question 35

number of individuals within a population who have a particular disease at a given time

Answer 35

Disease prevalence

Question 36

is the number of new cases of a particular disease within a population in a given time period

Answer 36

Disease incidence

Question 37

covers a series of activities at the community level aimed at bringing about desired improvement in the social well-being of individuals

Answer 37

Community Organization