Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

UTT > Communications for the Performing Arts > Flashcards

Communications for the Performing Arts Flashcards

1
Q

What is communication?

A

Communication is the process whereby speech, signs, or actions transmit information from one person (sender) to another person (receiver). Critical to the process is that the receiving party derives some kind of meaning.It is not mandatory that the meaning which was
received should be the same as the meaning that was intended… but the communication would not be effective.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 8 essential components of communication?

A

Source
Message
Channel
Receiver
Feedback
Environment
Context
Interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain source

A

The source imagines, creates, and sends the message.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain message

A

The message is the stimulus or meaning produced by the source for the receiver or audience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain channel

A

The channel is the way in which a message or messages travel between source and receiver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain Receiver

A

The receiver receives the message from the source, analyzing and interpreting the message in ways both intended and unintended by the source.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain feedback

A

When you respond to the source, intentionally or unintentionally, you are giving feedback.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain environment

A

The environment is the atmosphere, physical and psychological, where you send and receive messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain context

A

The context of the communication interaction involves the setting, scene, and expectations of the individuals involved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Explain interference

A

Interference, also called noise, can come from any source. “Interference is anything that blocks or changes the source’s intended meaning of the message.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are models of communication?

A

Models of communication are
conceptual models used to explain the
human communication process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What re the models of communication?

A
  1. Linear Model
  2. Interactive Model
  3. SMCR Model
  4. Transactional Model
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain the linear model

A

The linear model views communication as a one-
way or linear process in which the speaker speaks
and the listener listens. It consists of the sender encoding a message and channeling it to the receiver. In this model, there is no feedback which may allow for a continuous exchange of information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Laswell’s model

A

who –> what –> in what channel –> whom = with what effect?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What new factor does the Shannon and Weaver’s (1949) model add to the linear model?

A

Noise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the main flaw in the linear model?

A

The main flaw in the linear model is
that it depicts communication as a
one-way process where speakers
only speak and never listen. It also
implies that listeners listen and never
speak or send messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Explain the interactive model

A

It is two linear models stacked on top of each other.
The sender channels a message to the receiver and the receiver then becomes the sender and channels a message back to the original sender. This model has added feedback, indicating that communication is not a one-way process but that it is a two-way process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The interactive model also indicates that the speaker and listener communicate better if they have…

A

common fields of experience, or fields which overlap.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the main issue with the interactive model?

A

The main drawback of the interactive model is that it does not indicate that communicators can both send and receive messages simultaneously. This model also fails to show that communication is a dynamic process
which changes over time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Explain Schramm’s interactive model.

A

Schramm (1955) came out with a more interactive model that saw the receiver or listener providing feedback to the sender or speaker. The speaker or sender of the message also listens to the feedback given by the receiver or listener. Both the speaker and the listener take turns speaking and listening to each other. Feedback is given either verbally or non-verbally, or in both ways.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain the SMCR model.

A

In 1960, David Berlo expanded the linear model of
communication and created the Sender-Message Channel-receiver (SMCR) Modelof Communication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The SMCR Model of communication separated the model into clear parts, what are they?

A

S - communication skills, attitude, culture, knowledge, social systems

M - content, elements, treatments, structure codes

C - hearing, seeing, tasting, touching, feeling

R - communication skills, attitude, culture, knowledge, social systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Explain the transactional model

A

The transactional model (Barnlund, 1970) shows that the elements of communication are interdependent. Each person in the communication act is both a speaker and a listener, and can be simultaneously sending and
receiving messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the types of barriers

A
  • Physical
  • Physiological
  • Psychological
  • Semantic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Explain 3 physical barriers

A
  • Atmospheric noise
  • Large object (wall)
  • Long distance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Explain 2 psychological barriers

A
  • Distrust of communicator
  • Inattention of the receiver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Explain 3 physiological barriers

A

Physiological noise is the result of a sensory
dysfunction, either on the part of the receiver or
the sender.
* Hearing Impairment
* Speech Impairment
* Vision Impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Explain 4 semantic barriers

A
  • Different language
  • Words
  • Actions
  • Poor vocabulary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why is important to have proper understanding of communication barriers?

A

Proper understanding of the barriers is
necessary to avoid the barriers and make
communication effective.

30
Q

What are the barriers to communication

A
  • Language Barriers
  • Cultural Barriers
  • Gender Barriers
  • Technology Barriers
31
Q

Explain the barrier of language in communication

A

Not using words another can understand will certainly stop your message from being conveyed. This not only applies to actual languages but that of expressions, buzz.

32
Q

Explain the barrier of culture in communication

A

Ethnic, religious, and social differences can often create misunderstandings when trying to communicate. These differences can also affect perceptual factors, such as different world views which can create misunderstanding. Without thinking, one might only view a message from their mindset rather than looking to see it from another viewpoint.

33
Q

Explain the barrier of gender in communication

A

Variation exists among masculine and feminine styles of communication. While women often emphasize
politeness, empathy, and rapport building, male communication is often more direct. Meshing these two styles without awareness could be a barrier.

34
Q

Explain the barrier of technology in communication

A

Technology acts as a barrier to communication when (1) it reduces the quantity and the quality of time that we
spend with each other; and (2) it distracts us from noticing the rest of our lives.

35
Q

Describe the difference between hearing and listening

A
  • Hearing is simply the act of perceiving sound by the ear. If you are not hearing-impaired, hearing simply happens.
  • Listening, however, is something you consciously choose to do. Listening requires concentration so that your brain processes the meaning of words and sentences. Listening leads to learning.
36
Q

What are four understood facts about listening

A

. . . is intermittent.
. . . is a learned skill.
. . . is active.
. . . implies using the message received.

37
Q

What are the four stages of listening

A

Attending
Interpreting
Responding
Remembering

38
Q

Explain passive listening

A

s not much different from hearing.
For instance, many of us have found ourselves in
situations where our minds would drift, we would
lose our motivation in listening, and consider the
information we hear as “a background noise” or
pretend that we’re listening just “to be polite.” We
think that we are listening, but in fact we are simply
letting this information go past our brain.

39
Q

Explain active listening

A

Active listening implies listening with a purpose.
We might listen to gain information from the
speaker, not just to “fill in the awkward silence.”
When listening actively, we obtain directions, pay
attention to details, solve problems, get to know
people, share interests, feelings, emotions, etc.

40
Q

What are the types of listening with a purpose

A

Critical, empathetic, appreciative and discriminative

41
Q

Explain critical listening

A

Critical listening involves hearing what someone says, identifying key points and/or arguments, and solidifying your opinion.

42
Q

Explain empathetic listening

A

Empathetic listening exists when the speaker is relaying a problem or other unpleasant event.

43
Q

Explain appreciative listening

A

Appreciative listening is exactly what the name implies — listening to enjoy the story, music or information you hear.

44
Q

Explain discriminative listening

A

Discriminative listening is when you look past the words you hear to detect the underlying message.

45
Q

What are the obstacles to effective listening?

A
  • Physical distractions
  • Physiological distractions
  • Psychological distractions
  • Factual distractions
  • Semantic distractions
46
Q

List a few ways one can promote better listening

A
  • Desire to listen.
  • Focus on the message.
  • Listen for main ideas.
  • Understand the speaker’s point of view.
  • Withhold judgment.
  • Reinforce the message.
  • Provide feedback.
  • Listen with the body.
  • Listen critically.
47
Q

How many types of communication are there?

A

2

48
Q

What is verbal communication

A

Verbal communication entails the use of words in delivering the intended message.

49
Q

What forms of verbal communication are there

A

The two major forms of communication include
ORAL and WRITTEN communication.

50
Q

Explain oral communication

A

The Spoken Word – either face-to-face or through phone, voice chat, video conferencing or any other medium – is a very common form of verbal communication.

51
Q

What does the effectiveness of oral conversations depend on

A

the clarity of speech, voice modulation, pitch, volume, and speed.

52
Q

Explain written communication

A

Written communication includes traditional pen and paper letters and documents, typed electronic documents, e-mails, text chats, SMS and anything else conveyed through written symbols such as language.

53
Q

What does the effectiveness of written communication depend on

A

the writing style, grammar, vocabulary, and clarity.

54
Q

What is non-verbal communication

A

Nonverbal communication entails communicating by sending and receiving wordless messages. These messages usually reinforce verbal
communication, but they can also convey thoughts and feelings on their own.

55
Q

Explain the percentage amount a receivers comprehension would be for all types

A

7% on actual words, 38% on paralanguage, 55% on non-verbal cues

56
Q

What are the types of non-verbal communication

A
  1. Kinesics
  2. Haptics
  3. Vocalics (a.k.a. Paralanguage)
  4. Proxemics
  5. Chronemics
  6. Artifacts (Personal Presentation @
    Environment)
57
Q

Explain Kinesics

A

is the interpretation of body motion communication such as facial expressions and gestures — that is,
nonverbal behavior related to movement of any part of the body or the body as a whole.

58
Q

Explain haptics

A

The Science of Touch.

59
Q

Explain vocalics

A

Vocalics is how people express themselves through voice. The voice has different vocal properties.

60
Q

What are the properties of someones voice

A

rate, or speed at which the person speaks, pitch, inflection and variety in the voice, volume, being loud
or soft, and articulation and pronunciation, or how correctly and clearly the person speaks.

61
Q

Explain proxemics

A

Proxemic communication is communicating with others by virtue of the relative positioning of your bodies.

62
Q

Explain chronemics

A

Chronemics is the study of the role of time in communication.

63
Q

What does time perception include?

A

punctuality, willingness to wait, and interactions.

64
Q

Explain PPE/ Artifacts

A

First impressions are very important - they can be about attitude as well as dress.Visual impact is at least as important as verbal impact, people will very quickly make assumptions based on your facial expressions, the clothes you wear, how well groomed you are and your body language.

65
Q

When communicating, nonverbal messages can interact with verbal messages in six ways. What are they?

A
  1. Repeating
  2. Conflicting
  3. Complementing
  4. Substituting
  5. Regulating
  6. Accenting/Moderating
66
Q

Explain repeating

A

Repeating consists of using gestures to strengthen a verbal message, such as pointing to the object of discussion.

67
Q

Explain conflicting

A

Conflicting messages may occur for a variety of
reasons often stemming from feelings of uncertainty,
ambivalence, or frustration. When mixed messages occur, nonverbal communication becomes the primary tool people use to attain additional information to clarify the situation

68
Q

Explain complementing

A

Accurate interpretation of messages is made easier when nonverbal and verbal communication complement each other

69
Q

Explain substituting

A

Nonverbal behavior is sometimes used as the sole channel for communication of a message. People learn to identify facial expressions, body movements, and body positioning as corresponding with specific feelings and intentions. Nonverbal signals can be used without verbal communication to convey messages

70
Q

Explain regulating

A

Nonverbal behavior also regulates our conversations.
For example, touching someone’s arm can signal that you want to talk next or interrupt.

71
Q

Explain accenting

A

Nonverbal signals are used to alter the interpretation of verbal messages. Touch, voice pitch, and gestures are some of the tools people use to accent or amplify the message that is sent; nonverbal behavior can also be used to moderate or tone down aspects of verbal messages as well.

UTT (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions