Caribbean Music History Flashcards
Elements of Sub-Saharan music
Polyrhythm, responsorial forms, ostinato, use of percussion, background shimmer, music and language connection, nature of arts, performing arts
Explain Polyrhythm
Rhythms that occur simultaneously in two different meters with different staring points
Explain responsorial forms
Exhange between a single performer’s call and the groups response
Explain ostinato
Pattern that repeats over and over
Explain use of percussion
Using drums would be a major chracteristic (rattles, bells, xylophones)
Explain backgroung shimmer
They would attach beads, shells of all kinds to creating a constant buzzing or rattling thorughout the performance
Explain music and language
Drums executing a combination of ryhthms and pitches would reprsent spoken syllables and forms of speech creating association between music and words
Explain nature of the arts
Most traditions share the expectation that music is something everyone does
Explain performing arts connection
Every aspect of the arts could not have worked without the other. Many African languages have no separate word for music, and although there may be one for song, this may also imply poetry or dance.
Explain downbeats
the downward stroke of a conductor indicating the principally accented note of a measure of music
If most sub-Saharan music is tonal. Explain.
relating to the qualities or pitch of a sound or to the tonality of a piece of music. there is little variety.
Explain infelction
change in pitch or loudness of the voice
What is the talking drum
The talking drum is an hourglass-shaped drum from West Africa, whose pitch can be regulated to mimic the tone and prosody of human speech.
Other than drums what are some intrsuments African musicians plays
Lutes, lyres, trumpets, flutes, zithers
Explain membranophones
instruments that produce sound by vibrating a membrane (drums)
Drummers use what play drums
Hands and sticks (elbow sticks being the most popular)
Explain idiophones
instruments that create sound through vibrating themselves
Explain aerophones
Aerophone, any of a class of musical instruments in which a vibrating mass of air produces the initial sound.
Areophones African singing styles are
Whisper singing and yodeling
Explain alternation playing
Large group of instruments would divide melody since instruments may have a limited range
Explain chordophones
any of a class of musical instruments in which a stretched, vibrating string produces the initial sound
Types of chordophones
The five basic types are bows, harps, lutes, lyres, and zithers.
What is the musical bow?
The musical bow is a simple string instrument used by a number of African peoples, which is also found in the Americas via the slave trade. It consists of a flexible, usually wooden, stick 1.5 to 10 feet long, and strung end to end with a taut cord, usually metal.
What is a bow harp?
long, curving neck and a shovel-shaped sound box
What is a triangular harp?
Its most common form is triangular in shape and made of wood
Drumming in West Africa
Ghana, they would learn music and dance after work and perform them in costumes.
The ewe clubs specialise in
playing atsia
What is atsia
drumming orchestra piece which is over 100 years old which means display or style