Communication Flashcards
What is a congruent relationship?
A good fit between verbal and nonverbal communication
What is intrapersonal communication?
Communication occurring within the nursing profession - nurse to nurse
What is interpersonal communication?
Communication between nurses and the rest of the healthcare team
What did Peplau do?
Changed nursing focus from meeting pt’s needs to establishing a r’ship between nurse and pt
Theory of interpersonal relations
What are the phases of the nurse-pt relationship?
Orientation - introduction, establish trust and rapport
Working phase - nurse and pt explore/develop solutions
Termination phase - discharge planning, closure of r’ship
What are the ingedients of a therapeutic relationship?
Empathy - looking at things from another’s perspective
Positive regard - pt treated nonjudgmentally
Self-awareness
Self-reflection
What are the therapeutic techniques?
Opening remarks - general statements based on observations of pt
Active listening
Restatement - restating the message more briefly
Reflection - IDing pt’s main themes and communication back
Focusing - goal-directed questions to center on key elements
Encouraging elaboration - helping pt to describe concerns
Seeking clarification - restating an unclear message
Giving info - sharing relevant info
Using silence - pause in communication allowing nurse/pt to think
Summarizing - highlighting impt points of a convo
Self-disclosure - should be relevant and appropriate
Asking questions
- Open-ended - allow pt to lead
- Closed-ended - yes/no
- Focused questions - used for more specific info is needed
- Confrontation - helps pt to become aware of inconsistencies
Who are special considerations for communication?
Child/adolescents
Adults/older adults
Cross-cultural communication
ICU pt and family
What is the most common cause of pt injury or death?
Miscommunication
