communication

Question 1

what are the 6 elements of communication process

Answer 1

referent, sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback

Question 2

what are the modes of communication

Answer 2

verbal and nonverbal

Question 3

what is verbal communication

Answer 3

spoken, written, or electronic, 7%, consider setting, context, and content (privacy)

Question 4

what is nonverbal communication

Answer 4

wordless, 93%, body language, most accurate

Question 5

what is body language

Answer 5

posture, stance, gait, facial expressions, eye movements

Question 6

what must nurses control

Answer 6

facial expressions

Question 7

what does relaxes body display

Answer 7

openness

Question 8

what does crossed legs or arms display

Answer 8

lack of openness or acceptance

Question 9

what does walking slowly mean

Answer 9

hopelessness, exhaustion, deep thought

Question 10

what is therapeutic touch

Answer 10

verify consent, hold hand, touch, alerts them of your presence

Question 11

what should you do with gestures

Answer 11

limit them in multicultural environments

Question 12

what do symbolic gestures do

Answer 12

communicate self-esteem, economic resources, mental health

Question 13

what is hall’s zones of interactions

Answer 13

intimate, personal, social, public

Question 14

how far is intimate away

Answer 14

within 1.5 feet

Question 15

how far away is personal

Answer 15

1.5-4 feet

Question 16

how far away is social

Answer 16

4-12 feet

Question 17

how far away is public

Answer 17

12 feet and greater

Question 18

what do nurses need to do with hall’s zones of interaction

Answer 18

be comfortable and sensitive with interactions, especially intimate

Question 19

what affects a person’s comfort level and tolerance

Answer 19

cultural and diversity

Question 20

what is voice inflation

Answer 20

tone, volume, rhythm, or rate

Question 21

what do nurses need to do with inflection

Answer 21

avoid condescending tone

Question 22

what is critical to perceive voice inflection

Answer 22

active listening

Question 23

what are the different types of communication

Answer 23

intrapersonal, interpersonal, small group, and public

Question 24

where does intrapersonal communication occur

Answer 24

occurs internally

Question 25

where does interpersonal communication occur

Answer 25

between 2+ people

Question 26

where does small group communication occur

Answer 26

focus groups, support groups

Question 27

where does public communication occur

Answer 27

public forums, community educaiton

Question 28

what does intrapersonal communication consist of

Answer 28

positive and negative self talk, meditation

Question 29

what does positive self-talk do

Answer 29

build self esteem and confidence, encourage pts

Question 30

what does negative self-talk do

Answer 30

harmful and destructive, increase perception of pain, damage personal abilities

Question 31

why is interpersonal communication important

Answer 31

effective collaborative communication is essential for patient safety

Question 32

how much does miscommunication contribute to sentinel events or near misses

Answer 32

82%

Question 33

what is the ISBAR

Answer 33

identify, situation, background, assessment, recommendation

Question 34

what does the ISBAR do

Answer 34

increases inter professional communication

Question 35

what is CUS

Answer 35

concern, uncomfortable, safety

Question 36

what does CUS do

Answer 36

communicate safety concerns effectively

Question 37

what are ethical considerations for interpersonal communication

Answer 37

social media and professional role boundaries, right to privacy

Question 38

what do you do with social media

Answer 38

never post identifiable pt information, required to report

Question 39

what are professional role boundaries

Answer 39

establish and maintain, do NOT share phone numbers, meet pt outside of clinic, inappropriate touching, dating, etc.

Question 40

what is a patient helping relationship

Answer 40

ongoing, purposeful interaction, focuses on pt needs and concerns

Question 41

what are the focuses for pt needs (5)

Answer 41

trust, empathy, boundaries, cultural influences, comprehensive plan of care

Question 42

what are the 3 phases of patient helping relationship

Answer 42

orientation, working, termination

Question 43

what does the orientation/introductory phase consist of

Answer 43

introduce, establish boundaries, expectations, observe, interview, assess, SUBJECTIVE DATA, identify needs and resources

Question 44

what does the working phase consist of

Answer 44

develop and implement plan of care, collaborate, enhance trust and rapport, use therapeutic communication

Question 45

what do you do when discussing and implement plan of care

Answer 45

discuss findings, concerns, establish realistic goals, communicate before interventions

Question 46

what does the terminal phase consist of

Answer 46

nurse is leaving shift or finishes care, evaluate outcomes achieved, transition pt to another caregiver

Question 47

what are factors that affect timing of pt communication

Answer 47

pain, anxiety, location, distraction

Question 48

what type of communication does moderate-high levels of pain comprehend the best

Answer 48

direct and empathetic

Question 49

what type of communication does acute, chronic severe, or intense anxiety comprehend the best

Answer 49

short questions + specific instructions

Question 50

what should you provide when pt is controlled and relaxed

Answer 50

education and pre-op teaching

Question 51

when considering location of pt. what should you not do?

Answer 51

use just a curtain, ask pt to share health history with others in the room, minimize distraction

Question 52

if others are in the room what should you do?

Answer 52

ask them to leave or ask pt for permission

Question 53

where does a nurse get the best source of information

Answer 53

A+O pt, from themselves

Question 54

what do you do for a pt that is disoriented, comatose, or a minor?

Answer 54

relatives can be source of info once permission is granted

Question 55

what can happen when a pt gives permission

Answer 55

relatives and visitors can serve as secondary source

Question 56

when should you make sure pt is A+O

Answer 56

before health history, sign documents, make significant health care decisions (DNR, full code)

Question 57

what are essential components of nursing communication

Answer 57

respect, assertiveness, collaboration, delegation, advocacy

Question 58

how can a nurse show respect

Answer 58

asking preferences, ensure privacy, autonomy, control body language and facial expression

Question 59

how does a nurse show assertiveness

Answer 59

express ideas and concern clearly with respect

Question 60

what is the hallmark of nursing

Answer 60

advocacy

Question 61

what is the combination of things that makes the nurse the best patient adovate

Answer 61

master therapeutic communication and assertiveness

Question 62

what is social communication

Answer 62

people getting to know each other, all parties engaged

Question 63

what is therapeutic communication

Answer 63

between nurse and pt, focus on pt, enhances nurse+pt relationship

Question 64

what techniques can. be used for therapeutic communication

Answer 64

active listening, open posture, reflection, being at eye level

Question 65

what are 3 things a nurse can do for therapeutic communication

Answer 65

active listen, positive language, silence

Question 66

what does SOLER mean

Answer 66

sit, open posture, lean, eye contact, relax

Question 67

how can silence help the pt

Answer 67

provides reflection and thinking

Question 68

what can nontherapeutic communication be

Answer 68

hurtful and damage interactions

Question 69

what are defense mechanisms

Answer 69

unconscious strategies to decrease/avoid circumstances

Question 70

what do defense mechanisms do

Answer 70

prevent pt from effectively addressing critical issues

Question 71

what should the nurse do when addressing defense mechanisms

Answer 71

recognize , address real concerns, don't take anger personally

Question 72

do nurses document defense mechanisms

Answer 72

yes

Question 73

what are 5 special communication considerations

Answer 73

hearing, visual, physical, cognitive impaired and families and communities

Question 74

what should nurses do for hearing impaired pts.

Answer 74

hearing aids, well lit room w/ no noise, raise voice slightly higher

Question 75

what is needed for deaf pts

Answer 75

ASL interpretor

Question 76

what should nurses do for visually impaired pts

Answer 76

anticipate needs, use numbers on clock to describe meals, gentle physical touch on arm

Question 77

what should nurses do for physically/cognitive impaired pt

Answer 77

ongoing creativity and adaptation

Question 78

what are some examples of communication of physically/cognitive impaired pts

Answer 78

intubated: gestures, head nods, hand squeezes, white boards anesthesia: nonverbals quadriplegia: eye movement with tablet intellectual disabilities: consult family

Question 79

what should you do for families and communities

Answer 79

establish + maintain lines of communication, advocate

Question 80

what are some diversity considerations

Answer 80

personal space, same gender, gender neutral terminology, discomfort, eye contact, words have different meanings in different cultures