Communicable Diseases & Epidemics

Question 1

What do you call the capacity of an agent to produce a clinically apparent disease?

Answer 1

Pathogenicity

Question 2

This is the ability of an agent to produce a fatal or severe disease?

Answer 2

Virulence

Question 3

The ability of an agent to trigger an immune reaction?

Answer 3

Immunogenicity

Question 4

Stage of infection wherein the pathology has not developed and only risk factors are present?

Answer 4

Stage of susceptibility

Question 5

Stage of infection wherein the patient is asymptomatic but pathogenic changes have already started?

Answer 5

Stage of pre-symptomatic disease

Question 6

Stage of Infection characterized by the presence of signs and symptoms ?

Answer 6

Stage of Clinical Disease

Question 7

Stage of disease characterized by limitation in activity?

Answer 7

Stage of Disability

Question 8

Stage of disease characterized by limitation in activity?

Answer 8

Stage of Disability

Question 9

This refer to the point in time when a pathogen enters the host?

Answer 9

Exposure moment

Question 10

Period between invasion of infectious agent and appearance of first sign and symptoms of disease?

Answer 10

Incubation period

Question 11

Period between exposure and infection?

Answer 11

Latent Period / Incubation period

Question 12

This refers to the time elapsed between the onset of symptoms in the first group of patients and the onset of symptoms in the second group?

Answer 12

Generation Time

Question 13

Type of host harboring the sexual stage of the parasite?

Answer 13

Definitive host

Question 14

Type of host that can harbor the larval stage?

Answer 14

Reservoir Host

Question 15

What type of intermediate does not allow transmission to the definitive host, halting the parasites development?

Answer 15

Dead-end Host

Question 16

Separation of people with the disease from the susceptible population, which usually lasts for the period of communicability?

Answer 16

Isolation

Question 17

Separation of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick, duration is based on incubation period?

Answer 17

Quarantine

Question 18

The number of Malarial cases is consantly higher in Palawan than the National average. Malaria is classified as?

Answer 18

Endemic

Question 19

Outbreak of infectious diarrhea occurred in a community using a single well as water aource, what type of epidemic pattern is present?

Answer 19

Common Source Outbreak

Question 20

What type of epidemic starts from a common source then spreads through person to person contact?

Answer 20

Mixed

Question 21

This refers to the incidence of a disease in contacts of case , this is often used to assess contagiousness?

Answer 21

Secondary Attack Rate

Question 22

This refers to a situation wherein a huge portion of a problem are subclinical goes unnoticed and only the few severe cases are reported?

Answer 22

Iceberg phenomenon

Question 23

All of first year medical students were given Hepatitis vaccination prior to starting school, which is what type of immunity?

Answer 23

Active immunity

Question 24

Breastfeeding is an example of this type of immunity?

Answer 24

Passive Immunity

Question 25

This occurs when a large portion of the community is immune to a particular disease if enough are resistant , this provides indirect protection to those non-immune to the disease.

Answer 25

Herd immunity

Question 26

Important considerations when plotting epidemic curve?

Answer 26

1. Clearly label the x axis ( date, time of illness onset) and y axis (number of cases)
2. Give title that provides enough detail so the figure can stand alone
3. If depicting probable cases other than confirmed cases, these must be clearly differentiated.