Common Viral Pathogens II

Question 1

Influenza

Basic Structures, important proteins, and roles in pathogenesis

Answer 1

51,000 deaths a year

RNA virus, segmented genome
Lipid Envelope
Hemagglutinin and nueraminidase (H and N) surface proteins
Type A causes epidemics

Question 2

RSV

Basic Structures, important proteins, and roles in pathogenesis

Answer 2

ssRNA non segmented, 2 subtypes A and B, can drift, A sucks more,
Two proteins, F (*fusion) and G (binding)

Question 3

Ebola

Basic Structures, important proteins, and roles in pathogenesis

Answer 3

Filovirus, enveloped neg RNA, 7 structural proteins, 2 non sturctural 
Polyploid virions (strung together)

Question 4

Flu

How to cause disease

Answer 4

1-3 day incubation

Fever, chills, myalgia, headache and cough

Question 5

RSV

How to cause disease

Answer 5

Common cause of bronchiolitis, targets young children
Conjunctivae and nasopharynx
3-5 incubation
Constriction of smoooth muscles

Question 6

Ebola

How to cause disease

Answer 6

Mucosal surfaces, very low ID50, infects phagocytic cells initially, fast replication, induced cytokine storm

Leads to necrosis, fluid leakage, shock, and organ failure

Question 7

Flu

Transmission and prevention

Answer 7

Respiratory (air droplets)

Treatment: matric protein inhibitors or neuraminidase inhibitors

Question 8

RSV

Transmission and Prevention

Answer 8

Respiratory droplets

Wash your hands!

Question 9

EBola

Transmission and Prevention

Answer 9

Body fluids

Dont’ touch body fluids

Question 10

Flu

Vaccine strats

Answer 10

Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
All persons older than 6 without contraindication
High risks are targetted

Question 11

RSV

Vaccine

Answer 11

Respigam, a month IM injection of human pooled antibody, expensive.

Question 12

Ebola

Vaccine

Answer 12

Once infected and survive, you get immune,

Question 13

Antigenic Shift

Answer 13

When an type a influenza is introduced to a human population with a completely novel H and/or N

Question 14

Antigenic Drift

Answer 14

Gradual change in a virus that occures through a slow series of mutations in H and N

Question 15

Origine, epidemiology and morbidity/mortality of h1n1

Answer 15

Swine human and bird origins
Started in mexico
High in children and young adults

Question 16

H5Ni

Geographic occurance and Public health importance

Answer 16

Bird populations which can cause severe disease, starting in china and SE asia
we’re scared its too similary to the 1918 flu outbreak

Question 17

Necessary genes in influenza to cause a pandemic

Answer 17

H and N, when new, and mixed in pis, can cause epidemic

Question 18

Stages of pandemic

Answer 18

Emergence of new flu subtype, virus must infect humans and cause illness, must be able to sustain h to h transmission