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Family Medicine Shelf > Common Symptoms > Flashcards

Common Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q 
Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Pancreatitis
Early appendicitis
Gastroenteritis
Intestinal obstruction
Mesenteric ischemia
Peritonitis
IBD/IBS
Malignancy
Celiac
Constipation
A

Diffuse

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2
Q 
Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Biliary colic
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
CHF
Cholangitis
Pancreatitis
Duodenal ulcer
A

RUQ

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3
Q 
Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Pancreatitis
MI
Gastritis
Peptic ulcer
GERD
Gastroparesis
Dyspepsia
A

Epigastric

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4
Q

Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Hernia
Early appendicitis

A

Umbilical

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5
Q

Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Appendicitis
Cecal diverticulitis

A

RLQ

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6
Q

Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Constipation
Sigmoid diverticulitis

A

LLQ

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7
Q 
Where does the pain of the following localize to:
Hernia with strangulation
Tubo-ovarian abscess
Ovarian torsion
Testicular torsion
Endometriosis
Nephrolithiasis
PID
Mittelschmerz
Ectopic pregnancy
A

Lower quadrants

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8
Q

Where does the pain of the following localize to:

Cystitis

A

Suprapubic

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9
Q

What might high-pitched bowel sounds signify?

A

Acute abdomen

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10
Q

What’s the difference between lordosis and kyphosis?

A

Lordosis: inward lumbar curve
Kyphosis: outward thoracic

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11
Q

What’s spondylosis?

A

Arthritis of the spine

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12
Q

What’s spondylolisthesis?

A

Anterior displacement of a vertebra compared to the one beneath it

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13
Q

What’s spondylolysis?

A

Fracture of the pars interarticularis

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14
Q

What’s the definition of acute back pain?

A

0-4 weeks

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15
Q

What’s the definition of subacute back pain?

A

4-12 weeks

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16
Q

Which nerve root compromise causes the following:
Pain: lateral hip to anterior thigh and shin
Numbness: anterior low thigh and knee
Motor weakness: quads extension
Screening exam: squat and rise
Reflex: patellar diminished

A

L4

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17
Q

Which nerve root compromise causes the following:
Pain: low back to lateral buttock to lateral thigh and lateral lower leg
Numbness: lateral lower leg
Motor weakness: dorsiflex great toe and foot
Screening exam: heel walk
Reflex: none

A

L5

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18
Q

Which nerve root compromise causes the following:
Pain: posterior buttock to posterior thigh and lower leg
Numbness: posterior lower leg and lateral foot
Motor weakness: plantar flex great toe and foot
Screening exam: toe walk
Reflex: achilles diminished

A

S1

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19
Q

Is age >50 an indication for x-ray for back pain?

A

Yes

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20
Q

How can you differentiate between cardiac and non-cardiac causes of chest pain via physical exam?

A

MSK pain will have tenderness to palpation of the chest wall

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21
Q

What percentage of chest pain in the primary care setting is caused by acute cardiac ischemia?

A

2%

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22
Q

What is considered a positive straight leg test?

A

Pain, tingling, or numbness that goes beyond the knee

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23
Q

What are the top 5 etiologies of chest pain in primary care by prevalence?

A

MSK > Cardiac > GI > Pulmonary > Psych

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24
Q

What’s the most likely symptom of acute MI?

A

Radiation to R arm or shoulder

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25
Q

What’s the first test for chest pain?

A

EKG

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26
Q

How many weeks is a subacute cough?

A

3-8 weeks

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27
Q

What causes cobblestoning of posterior pharynx?

A

Postnasal drip

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28
Q

What condition causes egophany?

A

Pneumonia

29
Q

What age can kids start using cold meds?

A

Age 4

30
Q

When do you test for Bordatella pertussis?

A

If cough >2 weeks and 1+ of the following:

  • Paroxysms of coughing
  • Inspiratory whoop
  • Posttussive emesis
  • Apnea in children <1
31
Q

What’s the most important factor in evaluating dizziness?

A

History

32
Q

What’s a cause of vertigo that can be prolonged, severe, associated with a viral syndrome, and is treated with antihistamines and antiemetics?

A

Vestibular neuritis (labrynthitis)

33
Q

What are 6 main causes of vertigo?

A
  1. Vestibular neuritis
  2. Cerebellar stroke
  3. Meniere disease
  4. Vestibular migraine
  5. BBPV
  6. Psychogenic
34
Q

What 2 conditions can have wheezing?

A
  1. Asthma

2. COPD

35
Q

What is JVD associated with?

A

HF, SVC syndrome

36
Q

What is unilateral leg swelling and dyspnea associated with?

A

PE

37
Q

What age in kids is fever always considered very serious?

A

<1 month old

38
Q

At what age can kids get tylenol?

A

3+ months

39
Q

What’s a chalazion?

A

A blockage of the meibomian gland; a granulomatous process

40
Q

What’s a hordoleum?

A

A sty. Aka a blockage of an oil gland or eyelash follicle; an inflammatory process
“Olivia is a horder and has lots of inflammation”

41
Q

What eye condition causes inflammation of the eyelids due to staph, seborrheic, or Meibomian gland dysfunction, and presents with red, itchy eyes with pink eyelids?

A

Blepharitis

42
Q

What’s the first-line treatment for blepharitis?

A

Warm, moist compresses 4x/day

43
Q

What eye condition is caused by trauma, anticoagulant use, cough, or sneeze, and does not involve the anterior chamber or cornea?

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

44
Q

What eye condition is characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva, can be infectious or noninfectious, and can be viral, bacterial, allergic, or traumatic?

A

Conjunctivitis

45
Q

What’s the first-line treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Erythromycin ointment

46
Q

What’s the first-line treatment for viral conjunctivitis?

A

None

47
Q

Why is erythromycin eye ointment administered to all newborns?

A

To prevent infectious congenital conjunctivitis

48
Q

What kind of eye drops can you use for allergic conjunctivitis?

A

Antihistamines such as naphazoline HCl/pheniramine maleate

49
Q

What’s an annoying side effect of erythromycin eye ointment?

A

Leaves a film over the eye that makes it hard to see

50
Q

What type of newborn eye conjunctivitis causes sx within 24h of birth?

A

Chemical

51
Q

What type of newborn eye conjunctivitis causes sx within 24-48h of birth?

A

Gonorrhea

52
Q

What type of newborn eye conjunctivitis causes sx after 48h of birth?

A

Other bacteria

53
Q

What type of newborn eye conjunctivitis causes sx within 1-5d of birth?

A

HSV

54
Q

What type of newborn eye conjunctivitis causes sx within 5-10d of birth?

A

Chlamydia

55
Q

What’s the most common eye injury?

A

Corneal abrasion

56
Q

What can cause symptomatic relief from corneal abrasion?

A

Proparacaine eye drops

57
Q

Will proparacaine eye drops relieve the pain of glaucoma?

A

No

58
Q

How can you test for a corneal abrasion or ulcer?

A

Florescein staining

59
Q

Is patching recommended for corneal abrasion?

A

No

60
Q

What abx can you use for corneal abrasion?

A

Erythromycin

61
Q

What eye condition is characterized by crusting of the eyelashes, thickening of the eyelids, telangiectatic vessels along the lid margins, and plugging of the meibomian ducts?

A

Blepharitis

62
Q

T/F: bacterial conjunctivitis has purulent discharge, whereas viral conjunctivitis has a gritty eye feeling?

A

True!

63
Q

T/F: viral conjunctivitis is self-limited?

A

True

64
Q

T/F: treat bacterial conjunctivitis with erythromycin ointment?

A

True

65
Q

What eye condition can cause blindness, is characterized by burning and itching, and dendritic lesions on cornea with fluourescein stain, and is treated with oral acyclovir?

A

Herpetic keratitis

66
Q

What eye condition is characterized by intraocular inflammation of the anterior chamber of the eye, and can be caused by CMV, syphilis, herpes, sarcoid, SLE, etc?

A

Iritis (anterior uveitis)

67
Q

How do you diagnose acute angle-closure glaucoma?

A

Slit lamp exam

68
Q

What category of drugs should you avoid in acute angle-closure glaucoma?

A

Anticholinergics

69
Q

What 2 drugs can you give for acute angle-closure glaucoma?

A
  1. Acetazolamide

2. Mannitol

Family Medicine Shelf (16 decks)

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