Common questions

Question 1

Describe the bounderies of Inguinal Canal

Answer 1

Ant- Aponeurosis of EO, IO laterally
Post- TF
Roof- TF, IO, TA
Floor- Inguinal ligament, thickened medically by lacunae ligament

Deep ring- Lat. to epigastric vessels
Sup. Ring- Med. to epigastric vessels

Question 2

Contents of the Inguinal Canal

Answer 2

Spermatic cored
Round Ligament
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

Question 3

Describe the differences between heart muscle cells, skeletal muscle cells and smooth muscle cells

Answer 3

Cardiac muscle cell	
Rectangular in shape
Single nucleus
Contain many mitochondria
Communicate via intercalated discs
Present in myocardium (cardiac muscle)
no stem cells- cannot regenerate

Skeletal muscle cell	
Long,Cylindrical
Striated
Multinucleated
Contain many mitochondria
- Present in skeletal muscles

Smooth muscle cell	
Spindle shaped
Single central nucleus
Arranged in sheets
- Present in muscular layers of the vessels, and within internal organs

Question 4

Differentiate the typical symptoms produced in cancers affecting the different part of pancreas

Answer 4

Cancer of head of pancreas - exocrine symptoms

Cancer of body of pancreas- endocrine symptoms

Question 5

Histology of tendons and ligaments

Answer 5

Tendons

Question 6

Heart Chambers and valves

Answer 6

Tricuspid valve- between the right atrium and right ventricle
Mitral valve- between the left atrium and left ventricle
Pulmonary valve- between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic valve- between the left ventricle and ascending aorta