common outpatient problems Flashcards
1
Q
main reasons for referral (10)
A
growth concerns UTI constipation abdo pain headaches funny turns heart murmur food allergy minor abnormalities is it asthma??
2
Q
UTI
- management depends on? (4)
- red flags (10)
- need to look for what condition?
A
-age, nature of infection, fan hx renal disease and general health
-frequent/recurrent non-e.coli pathogens Fhx renal disease poor growth/health poor urinary flow voiding problems/constipation spinal abnormalities raised BP renal tract abnormalities abdo mass
3
Q
constipation
- treatment (3)
- red flags (1)
- what is encoporesis
A
- laxitives,attention to diet and toilet behaviour advice
- if a baby hasn’t passed meconium in the first 24 hrs
- normal passage of stool in inappropriate environment
4
Q
Abdominal pain
- don’t miss what conditions? (3)
- red flags (8)
A
-coeliac, IBD, malrotation
-weight loss deceleration of linear growth GI blood loss significant vomiting chronic severe diarrhoea unexplained fever (IBD) persistant RU or Lower quadrant pain fam hx IBD
5
Q
headaches
- don’t miss what? (1)
- red flags (7)
A
-brain tumour
-early morning headaches worse with coughing/bending assoc with morning vomiting visual disturbance gait disturbance CN palsy *these are assoc with increased ICP
6
Q
funny turns
name the causes in children (9)
A
seizures reflex anoxic seizures benign neonatal sleep myocinus night terrors gratification disorder faints cardiac e.g. hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ALTE-apparent life threatening event
7
Q
Heart murmur
- give the characteristics of an innocent heart murmur (5)
- red flags (6)
A
-systolic low intensity 2nd intercostal space medial to apex beneath either clavicle
-diastolic loud harsh associated thrill radiate widely assoc symptoms like breathlessness, pallor
8
Q
minor abnormalities in infants
- normal presentations (4)
- red flags (2)
- management
A
-head shape
skin lesions
feeding concerns
crying excessively
-abnormal growth
concerns about development
-investigate non-specific symptoms and have a low index of suspicion
9
Q
is it asthma?
-hx suggestive of asthma? (6)
A
fam hx atopy
widespread wheeze on auscultation
+ wheeze, cough, difficulty breathing, chest tightness
pattern: diurnal variation
