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common injuries Flashcards

1
Q

t/f isolated high ankle sprain is common

A

false

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2
Q

other injuries with high ankle sprain

A 
bone bruise
OA
deltoid lig
fib fracture
lateral ankle sprain
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3
Q

History for high ankle sprain

A

anterior pain between tib and fib

pain during WB/push off

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4
Q

physical exam of high ankle sprain

A

AITFL tendor on palpation
short stance phase
toe walking

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5
Q

special tests for high ankle spr

A 
external rotation test
squeeze test
DF maneoever
one leg hop
cross leg test
fibular translation drawer test
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6
Q

is there swelling in high ankle sprain

A

usually not much

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7
Q

___ of all ACL injuries are non contact

A

70-80

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8
Q

common mechanism for non contact ACL

A

plant and cut

single leg jump landing

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9
Q

is there a gender discrepancy after puberty for females and ACL

A

no

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10
Q

why females at more ACL risk

A

intrinsic factors (increased dynamic q angle, quad dominate, smaller ACL)

extrinsic factors (nm control, mm recruitment)

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11
Q

name two neuromuscular patterns

A

glute dominance

quad dominance

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12
Q

why is quad dominance a problem

A

creates anterior shear on knee

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13
Q

glute dominance encourages what activation

A

glute and ham activation

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14
Q

when is one leg hop test positive

A

unable to complete 10 reps without significant pain

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15
Q

are special tests accurate to determine degree of injury

A

no

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16
Q

AITFL and PITFL contribute to __ of joint stability

A

77

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17
Q

__ ligmanet important in mortise stability

A

deltoid

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18
Q

only __ movement when AITFL PITFL

A

1-1.9mm

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19
Q

three ways to classify the high ankle sprains

A

chronologically
radiographyically
functionally

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20
Q

chronological classifcation

A

acute (within 3 weeks)
subacute (3 weeks to 3 months_
chronic (beyond 3 months)

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21
Q

aim of ACL injury prevention

A

modify extrinsic factors
improve landing
proprioception
nm recruitment

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22
Q

easier to get back from high ankle or lateral ankle sprain

A

lateral is easier

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23
Q

name two injury prevention programs

A

PEP

FIFA11

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24
Q

high ankle sprain managemnt

A

conservative if no fracture / significant tear

surgical (severe)

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25
pre op acl goals
``` control pain, swelling normal ROM gait pattern LE strength balance ```
26
risk of young athlete having ACL surgery
damage the growth plate leading to leg length discrepancy
27
risk of non surgical option
risk of future meniscal tears and chondrol injury
28
what 4 things are ACL management guided by
skeletal maturity physiological maturity chronological maturity extent of acl tear
29
Management Phase 1 high ankle sprain
``` protect decrease inflammation PRICE immolve non weight bearngg ```
30
management phase 2 high ankle
``` mobility strength increase function partial WB bilateral balance join goes to restore Df ```
31
when to progress from phase 2-3 in high ankle
ambulate full WB without pain | may still need brace or heel lift
32
management stage 3 high ankle sprain
increase function, unilateral balance / strength | treadmill, squatting, lunges
33
when to progress management phase 3-4
can perform singles leg calf raises
34
AITFL injury often accompanied by
interosseous ligament tear
35
management phase 4 high ankle
return to sport cutting, jumping plyometrics
36
when to end phase 4
full ROM, no swelling / effusion able to run, cut, pivot without symptoms
37
mechanism for high ankle sprain
planted foot with IR of leg ER of talus in mortise hyperdorsiflexion inversion PF
38
example sport high ankle sprain
skiing
39
when is ER stress test positive
reproduce pain
40
cross leg positive test
pain at tib fib joint
41
Df maneuver postiive
pain at distal tib fib joint
42
fib translation test positive
pain and laxity
43
stabilization test postive
decreased pain
44
when to progress pain management phase 1-2
when pain and swelling controlled and have minimal antalgic gait with PWB
45
most hamstring strains occur during __ loading
eccentric or initial contact (concentric)
46
is there a high re injury rate in hamstring
yes
47
types of hamstring injuries
high speed running (bicep femurs) | stretching (semi-mem)
48
predisposing strains
``` Weak / Tight hamstrings Previous injury Age Training error Inadequate warm up Technical Nuerla tension LSPS SIJ Envioremnt (surface, footwear) core ```
49
differential diagnosis for hamstrings
piriformis syndrome compartment syndrome adverse neural tension
50
subjective for hamstring
is there tightness | aggravated by running/ sprinting
51
objective exam hamstring
observation, bruise altered movement mm length mm strength
52
common predisposing factor hamstring
SIJ anterior innominate lesion
53
how to classify hamstrings
grade 1-3 or MRI
54
MRI classification for hamstring
Myofacial mm tendon intratendinous
55
myofacial hamstring
sudden or gradual onset, ROM is good - recovery 5-10 days
56
mm tendon junction
sudden onset, reduced ROM, slower recover (14-28 days)
57
intratendinous hamstring injury
sudden onset, sig loss in ROM, 6-9 weeks recovery
58
acute phase hamstring treatment
modified rest, compression, ice avoid soft tissue work avoid static stretching, assisted heel slides, mini squats
59
repair phase hamstrings
``` modalities DTF / soft tissue strength flexibility core proprioception ```
60
remodelling stage hamstrings
DTF strength flexibilty running progressions
61
hamstring return to play criteria
pain free palpation flexible arent scared completed functional progressions
62
sport hernia symptoms
pain with sneeze / cough apprehension to move location / duration of pain
63
signs of sport hernia
pain with functional testing (sit up, hop tests)
64
is there a gold stand hernia diagnosis
no | based on history and assessment
65
assessment fo hip joint lesion
FADDIR
66
stress fractures are diagnosed via
bone scan
67
osteitis pubis history
long recovery time, can't push through
68
how to assess osteitis pubis
TOP of pubic tubercle | pain with loading of pubic symphysis
69
does MRi help diagnose pubic sympthsis
helpful to see edema and degenerative changes
70
adductor strain signs and symptoms
``` matching MOI pain weakness TOP deformity ```
71
iliopsoas strain / bursitis
deep groin pain above or below inguinal ligament clicks / snags pain after activity TOP
72
sport hernia conservative treatments
core shorts dynamic warm up graduated return to activty symptoms won't resolve >6-8 months
73
what position for GH dislocation
Abd ER
74
type of labrum tears
slap lesion (bicep) bankart (lower labrum)
75
what nerve can be damaged in anterior dislocation
axillary
76
axillary nerve travels through what
quadrangle space
77
if there nerve is damaged too what do you do
continue with GH joint dislocation (scap stabilization, strength, functional)
78
criteria for return to play GH dislocation
complete resolution of acute signs full AROM / PROM no apprehension in position of risk progressive functional tests
79
what are the chances of re dislocating shoulder
90-95% if you're under 20 less and less if you're older
80
can you have instability post shoulder dislocaiton shoulder
yeah less than 10%

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