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common injuries Flashcards

1
Q

t/f isolated high ankle sprain is common

A

false

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2
Q

other injuries with high ankle sprain

A 
bone bruise
OA
deltoid lig
fib fracture
lateral ankle sprain
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3
Q

History for high ankle sprain

A

anterior pain between tib and fib

pain during WB/push off

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4
Q

physical exam of high ankle sprain

A

AITFL tendor on palpation
short stance phase
toe walking

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5
Q

special tests for high ankle spr

A 
external rotation test
squeeze test
DF maneoever
one leg hop
cross leg test
fibular translation drawer test
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6
Q

is there swelling in high ankle sprain

A

usually not much

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7
Q

___ of all ACL injuries are non contact

A

70-80

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8
Q

common mechanism for non contact ACL

A

plant and cut

single leg jump landing

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9
Q

is there a gender discrepancy after puberty for females and ACL

A

no

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10
Q

why females at more ACL risk

A

intrinsic factors (increased dynamic q angle, quad dominate, smaller ACL)

extrinsic factors (nm control, mm recruitment)

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11
Q

name two neuromuscular patterns

A

glute dominance

quad dominance

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12
Q

why is quad dominance a problem

A

creates anterior shear on knee

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13
Q

glute dominance encourages what activation

A

glute and ham activation

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14
Q

when is one leg hop test positive

A

unable to complete 10 reps without significant pain

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15
Q

are special tests accurate to determine degree of injury

A

no

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16
Q

AITFL and PITFL contribute to __ of joint stability

A

77

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17
Q

__ ligmanet important in mortise stability

A

deltoid

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18
Q

only __ movement when AITFL PITFL

A

1-1.9mm

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19
Q

three ways to classify the high ankle sprains

A

chronologically
radiographyically
functionally

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20
Q

chronological classifcation

A

acute (within 3 weeks)
subacute (3 weeks to 3 months_
chronic (beyond 3 months)

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21
Q

aim of ACL injury prevention

A

modify extrinsic factors
improve landing
proprioception
nm recruitment

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22
Q

easier to get back from high ankle or lateral ankle sprain

A

lateral is easier

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23
Q

name two injury prevention programs

A

PEP

FIFA11

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24
Q

high ankle sprain managemnt

A

conservative if no fracture / significant tear

surgical (severe)

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25
Q

pre op acl goals

A 
control pain, swelling
normal ROM
gait pattern
LE strength 
balance
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26
Q

risk of young athlete having ACL surgery

A

damage the growth plate leading to leg length discrepancy

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27
Q

risk of non surgical option

A

risk of future meniscal tears and chondrol injury

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28
Q

what 4 things are ACL management guided by

A

skeletal maturity
physiological maturity
chronological maturity
extent of acl tear

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29
Q

Management Phase 1 high ankle sprain

A 
protect
decrease inflammation 
PRICE
immolve 
non weight bearngg
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30
Q

management phase 2 high ankle

A 
mobility
strength
increase function
partial WB
bilateral balance
join goes to restore Df
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31
Q

when to progress from phase 2-3 in high ankle

A

ambulate full WB without pain

may still need brace or heel lift

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32
Q

management stage 3 high ankle sprain

A

increase function, unilateral balance / strength

treadmill, squatting, lunges

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33
Q

when to progress management phase 3-4

A

can perform singles leg calf raises

34
Q

AITFL injury often accompanied by

A

interosseous ligament tear

35
Q

management phase 4 high ankle

A

return to sport
cutting, jumping
plyometrics

36
Q

when to end phase 4

A

full ROM, no swelling / effusion
able to run, cut, pivot

without symptoms

37
Q

mechanism for high ankle sprain

A

planted foot with IR of leg
ER of talus in mortise

hyperdorsiflexion
inversion
PF

38
Q

example sport high ankle sprain

A

skiing

39
Q

when is ER stress test positive

A

reproduce pain

40
Q

cross leg positive test

A

pain at tib fib joint

41
Q

Df maneuver postiive

A

pain at distal tib fib joint

42
Q

fib translation test positive

A

pain and laxity

43
Q

stabilization test postive

A

decreased pain

44
Q

when to progress pain management phase 1-2

A

when pain and swelling controlled and have minimal antalgic gait with PWB

45
Q

most hamstring strains occur during __ loading

A

eccentric or initial contact (concentric)

46
Q

is there a high re injury rate in hamstring

A

yes

47
Q

types of hamstring injuries

A

high speed running (bicep femurs)

stretching (semi-mem)

48
Q

predisposing strains

A 
Weak / Tight hamstrings
Previous injury
Age
Training error
Inadequate warm up
Technical 
Nuerla tension
LSPS SIJ
Envioremnt (surface, footwear)
core
49
Q

differential diagnosis for hamstrings

A

piriformis syndrome
compartment syndrome
adverse neural tension

50
Q

subjective for hamstring

A

is there tightness

aggravated by running/ sprinting

51
Q

objective exam hamstring

A

observation, bruise
altered movement
mm length
mm strength

52
Q

common predisposing factor hamstring

A

SIJ anterior innominate lesion

53
Q

how to classify hamstrings

A

grade 1-3 or MRI

54
Q

MRI classification for hamstring

A

Myofacial
mm tendon
intratendinous

55
Q

myofacial hamstring

A

sudden or gradual onset, ROM is good - recovery 5-10 days

56
Q

mm tendon junction

A

sudden onset, reduced ROM, slower recover (14-28 days)

57
Q

intratendinous hamstring injury

A

sudden onset, sig loss in ROM, 6-9 weeks recovery

58
Q

acute phase hamstring treatment

A

modified rest, compression, ice
avoid soft tissue work
avoid static stretching, assisted heel slides, mini squats

59
Q

repair phase hamstrings

A 
modalities
DTF / soft tissue
strength 
flexibility
core
proprioception
60
Q

remodelling stage hamstrings

A

DTF
strength
flexibilty
running progressions

61
Q

hamstring return to play criteria

A

pain free palpation
flexible
arent scared
completed functional progressions

62
Q

sport hernia symptoms

A

pain with sneeze / cough
apprehension to move
location / duration of pain

63
Q

signs of sport hernia

A

pain with functional testing (sit up, hop tests)

64
Q

is there a gold stand hernia diagnosis

A

no

based on history and assessment

65
Q

assessment fo hip joint lesion

A

FADDIR

66
Q

stress fractures are diagnosed via

A

bone scan

67
Q

osteitis pubis history

A

long recovery time, can’t push through

68
Q

how to assess osteitis pubis

A

TOP of pubic tubercle

pain with loading of pubic symphysis

69
Q

does MRi help diagnose pubic sympthsis

A

helpful to see edema and degenerative changes

70
Q

adductor strain signs and symptoms

A 
matching MOI
pain
weakness
TOP
deformity
71
Q

iliopsoas strain / bursitis

A

deep groin pain above or below inguinal ligament
clicks / snags
pain after activity
TOP

72
Q

sport hernia conservative treatments

A

core shorts
dynamic warm up
graduated return to activty
symptoms won’t resolve >6-8 months

73
Q

what position for GH dislocation

A

Abd ER

74
Q

type of labrum tears

A

slap lesion (bicep)

bankart (lower labrum)

75
Q

what nerve can be damaged in anterior dislocation

A

axillary

76
Q

axillary nerve travels through what

A

quadrangle space

77
Q

if there nerve is damaged too what do you do

A

continue with GH joint dislocation (scap stabilization, strength, functional)

78
Q

criteria for return to play GH dislocation

A

complete resolution of acute signs
full AROM / PROM
no apprehension in position of risk
progressive functional tests

79
Q

what are the chances of re dislocating shoulder

A

90-95% if you’re under 20

less and less if you’re older

80
Q

can you have instability post shoulder dislocaiton shoulder

A

yeah less than 10%

RA (14 decks)

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