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PY7020 REVISION > Common Infections (UTI, Pneumonia, Skin/Soft Tissue) > Flashcards

Common Infections (UTI, Pneumonia, Skin/Soft Tissue) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of a urinary tract infection?

A

Bloody/cloudy urine
Pelvic pain
Insufficient bowel emptying

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2
Q

When do you refer if a patient presents UTI symptoms to you in a community pharmacy?

A

Pregnant
Child
Male
>65 years old

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3
Q

Which people do you not treat for a UTI infection?

A

Asymptomatic non-pregnant women

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4
Q

What are the 1st line treatment options for an uncomplicated UTI?

A
  1. Nitrofurantoin 100mg M/R BD 3/7
  2. Trimethoprim 200mg BD 3/7
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5
Q

What should the patients eGFR be in order to give nitrofurantoin?

A

> 45ml/min

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6
Q

What are the 2nd line treatment options for an uncomplicated UTI?

A
  1. Pivmecillinam 400mg, then 200mg TDS 3/7
  2. Fosfomycin 3mg single dose
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7
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option for a pregnant woman with a UTI?

A

Nitrofurantoin 100mg M/R BD 7/7

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8
Q

What are the 2nd line treatment options for a pregnant woman with a UTI?

A
  1. Amoxicillin 500mg TDS 7/7
  2. Cefalexin 500mg BD 7/7
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9
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option for a man with a UTI?

A
  1. Trimethoprim 200mg BD 7/7
  2. Nitrofurantoin 100mg M/R BD 7/7
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10
Q

When should you never give trimethoprim to a woman, and why?

A

During her 1st trimester of pregnancy as there is risk of teratogenicity

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11
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option for a child (<16 yrs) with a UTI?

A

Trimethoprim 200mg BD 3/7
Nitrofurantoin 100mg M/R BD 3/7

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12
Q

What age do you refer a patient with a suspected UTI in a community pharmacy setting?

A

<16 years old

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13
Q

What are some non-pharmacological treatment options for a UTI?

A

Increase fluid intake
Manage any constipation symptoms
Urinate after sex

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14
Q

What is pyelonephritis?

A

A type of UTI that travels to the kidneys

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis?

A

Fever
Middle-back pain (where kidneys are)
N+V

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16
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option for pyelonephritis (men + women)?

A

Cefalexin 500mg BD 7-10 days

17
Q

What are some 2nd line treatment options for pyelonephritis?

A
  1. Co-amoxiclav 500/125mg TDS 7-10 days
  2. Trimethoprim 200mg BD 14 days
18
Q

What is cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Cellulitis: infection of the deeper layers of the skin

Erysipelas: infection of the uppermost layers of the skin

19
Q

What are the symptoms of cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Red, swollen skin
Oedema
Warmth
Skin appearing shiny
Systemic symptoms if severe

20
Q

What areas of the body can cellulitis/erysipelas occur?

A

Hands
Feet
Upper legs

21
Q

When do you refer a patient if you suspect cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Diabetic
Immunocompromised
Appearing on the face
<1 yrs old
If infection appears severe

22
Q

What are some non-pharmacological interventions for cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Painkillers for pain
Increase fluid intake
Avoid compression garments
Manage any skin breaks

23
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option for cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Flucloxacillin 500mg QDS 5-7 days

24
Q

What are the 2nd line treatment options for cellulitis/erysipelas, or if the patient has a penicillin allergy?

A
  1. Clarithromycin 500mg BD 5-7 days
  2. Doxycyline 200mg STAT, then 100mg OD 5-7 days
25
Q

Which antibiotic do you give to a pregnant woman with cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Erythromycin 500mg QDS 5-7 days

26
Q

What are the symptoms of a respiratory tract infection?

A

Cough
SOB
Systemic symptoms - fever/sweats/chills/aches

27
Q

What does CURB65 stand for?

A

Confusion
Urea
Respiratory rate
Blood pressure
Age >65 years old

28
Q

What is community acquired pneumonia?

A

Pneumonia acquired outside of a hospital setting

29
Q

When do you refer a patient who presents CAP?

A

If they have a CURB65 score of >1

30
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option if the CURB65 score of a CAP patient is <2?

A

Amoxicillin 500mg TDS 5/7

31
Q

What are the 2nd line treatment options if the CURB65 score of a CAP patient is <2?

A
  1. Doxycyline 200mg STAT, then 100mg OD 5/7
  2. Clarithromycin 500mg BD 5/7
32
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option if the CURB65 score of a CAP patient is >3

A
  1. Co-amoxiclav 500/125mg TDS 5/7
  2. Benzylpenicillin 1.2g IV 4 hourly + dox.
  3. Clarithromycin 500mg BD 5/7
33
Q

What is the 2nd line treatment option if the CURB65 score of a CAP patient is >3?

A

Levofloxacin 500mg BD 5/7 IV/PO

Can also use if penicillin allergy present

34
Q

What is hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP)?

A

A patient acquiring pneumonia >48h during a hospital setting

35
Q

What is the 1st line treatment option for HAP?

A

Co-amoxiclav 500/125mg TDS 5/7

36
Q

What are the 2nd line treatment options for HAP?

A
  1. Doxycyline 200mg STAT then 100mg OD 5/7
  2. Cefalexin 500mg BD 5/7
  3. Co-trimoxazole 960mg BD 5/7
  4. Levofloxacin 500mg OD/BD 5/7

PY7020 REVISION (42 decks)

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