Common Infections minus SSTI Flashcards
bugs to worry about in surgery
skin flora: staph, strep (gram negative only in select surgeries)
recommended start time for pre-op surgery
60 min before incision
preferred antibiotic for pre-op
cefazolin (clindamycin or vancomycin if allergy)
gram negative coverage in pre-op surgery
metronidazole, cefotetan, cefoxitin
common bugs in meningitis
neisseria meningitidis, strep pneumo, h influenzae
when to consider listeria monocytogenes in meningitis
neonates, >50y, immunocompromised
what is given with the first dose of antibiotic for tx of meningitis
dexamethasone to prevent neurological complications
neonate tx meningitis
ampicillin + (cefotaxime OR gentamicin)
1 month old to 50yo tx meningitis
(ceftriaxone or cefotaxime) + vancomycin
why is ceftriaxone NOT given to neonates
hyperbilirubinemia which can cause brain damage
meningitis patients who should receive vancomycin
> 1 month
bacteria in AOM
strep pneumo, h influenzae, moraxella
first line AOM antibiotics
amoxicillin, agumentin
clavulanate se
diarrhea
amoxicillin frequency
bid
pharyngitis antibiotics
penicillin, amoxicillin
sinusitus antibiotic
augmentin
pertussis antibiotic treatment
macrolides
COPD exacerbation symptoms
inc dyspnea, inc sputum volume, inc sputum purulence
criteria to give antibiotics for acute COPD exacerbation
cardinal symptoms, mechanical ventilation
why is ciprofloxacin not given for CAP?
no strep pneumo coverage
CAP treatment with no comorbidities
beta lactam (amoxicillin)
CAP treatment with comorbidities
beta lactam + macrolide or daptomycin (need atypical coverage) OR FQ alone
CAP MRSA drugs
vancomycin, linezolid
CAP Psuedomonas drugs
zosyn, cefepime, meropenem
False positive PPD test can occur with receipt of which vaccine
BCG
drugs used in latent TB treatment
INH, rifampin, rifapentine
active TB treatment
intensive 2 months: RIPE, continuation 4 months: rifampin and isoniazid
rifampin major side effects
inc LFTs, hemolytic anemia, orange/red secretions
major concern for rifampin
many DDIs!! (protease inhibitors, anticoags)
isoniazid BBW
severe hepatitis (CI in active liver disease)
pyrazinamide contraindications
acute gout, severe hepatic damage
ethambutol contraindications
optic neuritis, inc LFTs
Rifampin should NOT be used with
Anticoags: apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, dabigatran
which RIPE drugs need interval adjustment with decreased renal function
pyrazinamide (CrCl<30), ethambutol (CrCl < 50)
why should patients on isoniazid also take b6?
dec risk of peripheral neuropathy
most common bugs in infective endocarditis
staph, streo, enterococci
which antibiotic can be used to penetrate organisms in a biofilm
rifampin
what is the rpeferred class used to treat infective endocarditis?
beta lactams or vancomycin
dental prophylaxis regimen for patients at high risk of IE
amoxicillin 2 g
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis should be empirically treated with
ceftriaxone
