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Emergency Medicine > Common Drug Side Effects > Flashcards

Common Drug Side Effects Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

ACEIs

A

Cough, angioedema, teratogen

Rash, proteinuria, taste changes

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2
Q

Amantadine

A

Ataxia

Livedo reticularis

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3
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Ototoxicity

Nephrotoxicity 2/2 ATN

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4
Q

Amiodarone

A

Acute: AV block, hypotension, bradycardia
Chronic: pulmonary fibrosis, peripheral deposition leading to bluish discoloration, arrhythmias, hypo/hyperthyroidism, corneal deposition

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5
Q

Amphotericin

A

Fevers/rigors (shake and bake)
Nephrotoxicity
BM suppression and anemia

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6
Q

Antipsychotics

A

Sedation, acute dystonic reaction, akithesia, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, NMS

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7
Q

Azoles ie fluconazole

A

inhibition of P-450

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8
Q

AZT (zidovudine)

A

thrombocytopenia

Megaoblastic anemia

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9
Q

B-blockers

A

asthma exacerbation, masking of hypoglycemia, impotence

Bradycardia, AV block, CHF

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10
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Sedation, dependence, respiratory depression

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11
Q

Bile acid resins

A

GI upset, malabsorption of vitamins and meds

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12
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Agranulocytosis

Induction of P450, aplastic anemia, liver tox

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13
Q

CCBs

A

peripheral edema, constipation, cardiac depression

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14
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Gray baby syndrome

Aplastic anemia

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15
Q

Cisplatin

A

Nephrotoxicity

Acoustic nerve damage

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16
Q

Clonidine

A

Severe rebound HTN and headache

Dry mouth

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17
Q

Clozapine

A

Agranulocytosis

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18
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Mania, hyperglycemia, immunosuppression, bone mineral loss, thinning of skin, easy bruising, myopathy, cataracts with chronic use

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19
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Myelosuppression

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20
Q

Digoxin

A

Yellow visual changes, arrhythmias (junctional tachycardia or SVT)
GI disturbances

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21
Q

Doxorubicin

A

cardiotoxicity (cardiomyopathy)

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22
Q

Ethyl alcohol

A

Anion gap metabolic acidosis
Renal dysfunction
CNS depression

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23
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Cartilage damage in children

Achilles tendon rupture in adults

24
Q

Furosemide

A

Ototoxicity, hypokalemia, nephritis, gout

25
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Myositis

Reversible transaminitis

26
Q

Halothane

A

Malignant hyperthermia

Hepatotoxicity

27
Q

HCTZ

A 
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hyperuricemia
Hyperglycemia
Hypercalcemia
28
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

Myositis

Transaminitis (reversible)

29
Q

Hydralazine

A

Drug induced SLE

30
Q

Hydroxychloroquine

A

Retinopathy

31
Q

INH

A 
Peripheral neuropathy (use pyridoxine/B6 to prevent this)
Hepatotoxicity, P-450 inhibition, seizures with overdose, hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
32
Q

MAOIs

A 
Hypertensive tyramine reaction
Serotonin syndrome (with meperidine)
33
Q

Methanol

A

Blindness

Ion-gap metabolic acidosis

34
Q

Methotrexate

A

Hepatic fibrosis, pneumonitis, anemia

35
Q

Methyldopa

A

+ Coombs tests

drug induced SLE

36
Q

Metronidazole

A

Disulfiram reaction
Vestibular dysfunction
Metallic taste

37
Q

Niacin

A

Cutaneous flushin

38
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Hypotension, tachycardia, headache, tolerance

39
Q

Penicillamine

A

Drug-induced SLE

40
Q

PCN/B-lactam

A

Hypersensitivity reaction

41
Q

Phenytoin

A

Nystagmus
Gingival hyperplasia
Diplopia, ataxia, arrhythmia, hirsutism, teratogen

42
Q

Prazosin

A

First-dose hypotension

43
Q

Procainamide

A

Drug-induced SLE

44
Q

Propylthiouracil

A

Agranulocytosis

Aplastic anemia

45
Q

Quinidine

A

Cinchonism (headache + tinnitus)

Thrombocytopenia, arrhythmias (TdP)

46
Q

Reserpine

A

Depression

47
Q

Rifampin

A

P450 induction

Orange-red body secretions

48
Q

Salicylates

A

Hyperventilation with respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis
Fever, dehydration, diaphoresis, hemorrhagic gastritis
Tinnitus + fever + tachypnea

49
Q

SSRIs

A

Sexual dysfunction, anxiety, serotonin syndrome

50
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalemia

51
Q

TCAs

A

QRS prolongation, sedation and coma, anticholinergic effects, seizures, arrhythmias

52
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Tooth discoloration, prhotosensitivity, Fanconi’s syndrome, GI distress

53
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia

54
Q

Valproic acid

A

Teratogenicity leads to neural tube defects

Rare fatal hepatotoxicity

55
Q

Vancomycin

A

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Red man syndrome 2/2 histamine release (not an allergy)

56
Q

Vinblastine

A

Severe myelosuppression

57
Q

Vincristine

A

Peripheral neuropathy

Paralytic ileus

Emergency Medicine (6 decks)

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