Common disorders in children Part 1- Henson Flashcards
what are Piagets stages of cognitive development?
sensorimotor- birth to 2 object permanence, symbolization Preoperational thought 2 -7 unable to think logically or deductively, egocentrism, animistic thinking concrete operations- 7-11 conservation, reversibility formal operations- 11- adolescence can think abstractly, reason deductivley
what are some signs of major dep[ressive disorder in children?
failure to meet expected weight gain, somatic complaints, IRRITABILITY,
what is dysthymic disorder in children ?
deprssed or irritable, NOT MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, for a year
will often precede major depressive disorder by several yearts
a child has a history of ADHD, has mood variability, distractable mood, whaty is the Dx?
bipolar 1
what do cyclothymic disorder kids show?
milder form of bipolar, for a year ( asopposed to adults needing to be having symptoms for 2 years to be diagnosed)
what are the differneces in normal bereavement, and major depressive disorder?
MDD- guilty beyond the issues surrounding the loved one, preoccupation with death, hallucinations
how do you treat modo disorders in kids?
psychotherapy, hospitalization if dangerous)
can also giev SSRI ( fluoxetine) or buproprion, venlafaxine
how do you treat bipolar in a child above 12?
can use lithium above the age of 12, can also give anticonvulsants ( valproic acid)
what diagnosis must be present before the age of 18 and are under the anxiety disorders?
separation anxiety, selective mutism, reaction attachment disorder
what is a specific phobia?
marked and persistent fear that is ecessive or unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation, must be present for at least 6 months
whatare teh most common phobias in children/
storms, getting shots, insects that sting, usually happen aroudn the age of 5-9
hwo do you treat specific phobias?
exposure therapy, if extreme anxiety can give SSRI
what is separation anxiety?
extreme anxiety with the anticipation of separation from parents, home or familiar surroundings for more than 4 weeks ( MOST COMMON is school refusal
hwo do you treat separation anxiety?
CBT, family education,
what is selective mutism?
children who have the ability to speak, but are completey silent or have minimal language in certain enviromants, usually ages 4-8, must be longer than a month to diagnose ( a form of social phobia)
what is reactive attachment disorder?
marked disturbed and developmentally inappropriate social relatedness in most contexts
what aer teh two subtypes of reactive attachment disorders?
inhibited type- fails to initiate and respond to most social interactions in an appropriate way
disinhibited type- undifferentiated, unselective social relatedness
these occur before age 5, and usually ahev Hx of abuse, or adoption, neglect,
what is oppositional defiant disorder?
pattern of negative and defiant behavior, deliberatly anoys people, blames others, angry, spiteful, for longer than 6 months, DOES NOT MEET CRITERIA FOR CONDUCT DISORDER
what are the differences in conduct disorder from ODD?
conduct- breaking rules of society, stealing, assaults, truancy, antecedenat to antisocial disorder ( they are hurting people, ODD dont hurt people)
what are some drugs that you cn use in children psychotic disorders?
risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, aripriprazole
what is tourettes disorder?
multiple motor, and at least one vocal tic, for at elast a year, prior to age 18
transient= occurs for 4 weeks, but not longer than 12 months
what do you give to treat tic disorders?
typical anti psychotics- haloperidol, pimozide
atypicial- risperidone, olanzapine
when you are treating tic disorders, what must you also do?
always treat comorbid conditions, often presents with ADHD, and OCD, the stimulants for ADHD can make tics worse
what is encopresis?
pooping pants, always rule out medical cause, most common with anxiety disorder, disruptie behavior disorder, or developmental delay
what is connors scale used for?
Dx of ADHD
what is the most common primary sleep disorder in children?
sleep terror disorder- and sleepwalking
what is the front line Tx of sleep disorder?
melatonin
what does the criteria require for learning disorders?
substantial IQ- achievment discrepancy and significantly poor achievement compared to peers
what makes up communication disorders?
language and speech disorders
- stuttering, phonologic disorder, mixed receptive- expressive language disorder, expressive language disorder
