Common dislocations

Question 1

What are the four Rs of managing dislocations?

Answer 1

Reduce
Re-assess neurovascular status
Repair (if required)
Rehabilitate
– Immobilisation ➔ mobilisation

Question 2

What is a common cause of posterior dislocation of shoulder?

Answer 2

Seizure

Question 3

What is a common scenario for anterior dislocation of shoulder? What nerve might be affected?

Question 4

What is a cardinal feature for the rare inferior dislocation?

Answer 4

Patient would be holding arm in an abducted position

Question 5

What is the commonest direction of dislocation of elbow

Answer 5

Posterior (olecranon going posterior in comparison to humerus)

Question 6

What is a common elbow dislocation of small children

Answer 6

A pulled elbow, radial head pulled out of humeral condyle

Question 7

What is a good position to keep hand in plaster?

Answer 7

Flexed MTPJ, extended phalangeal joints

Question 8

What are risk factors/physiological associations of patella dislocation?

Answer 8

• Hypermobility
• Under-developed (hypoplastic) lateral femoral condyle
• Increased Q-angle
  1. Genu valgum
  2. Increased femoral neck anteversion
• Lateral quads insertions or weak vastus medialis (lower fibers attach to the inner side of the patella, controlling it’s position)

Question 9

What nerve and ligament and vessel is usually injured in knee dislocation?

Answer 9

Lateral collateral ligament and peroneal nerve

Popliteal artery and vein

Question 10

What is the usual mechanism/direction/associated fractures of hip fracture?

Question 11

How is hip fracture managed?