Common Digital Concepts

Question 1

Como funciona o fluxo básico de como um usuario interage com um website e comos os dados sao recebidos no analytics

Answer 1

1. User acessa o website atraves do seu browser
2. Browser faz uma requisicao HTTP GET a um servidor
3. O servidor retorna o HTML do website (arquivos e de media e cookies)
4. O browser renderiza a pagina
5. Analytics usa as cookies para identificar o usuario e coleta os seus dados

Question 2

Http

Answer 2

Has a password like abc123 and doesnt have password encryption.
The hacker can see the pasword

Question 3

Https

Answer 3

Has a password like abc123 but has password encryption so the hacker cant see it

Question 4

Cookies

Answer 4

Pequenos arquivos de texto que sao armazenados no navegador do usuario quando ele visita um site.

Permitem rastrear informação como preferencias, sessoes e comportamento do usuario

Question 5

First Party Cookies

Answer 5

Created by the same domain of the website you are visiting.

Main Use: Track unique visitors, repeated visits, preferences, and interactions within the same site.
Advantages:
Less likely to be rejected or deleted by browsers and security tools.
Essential for many websites (email, e-commerce, banking, etc.) to function properly.
More reliable for tracking new vs. returning visitors.
Practical Example: Google Analytics exclusively uses first party cookies to reliably track website visitors.

Question 6

Third Party Cookies

Answer 6

Created by an external domain, different from the website you are visiting.

Example: If you visit www.novaims.unl.pt and the site uses embedded YouTube videos, cookies created by the domain youtube.com are third party cookies.

Main Use: Allow third parties (such as advertisers) to track users across multiple websites.

Disadvantages:
Frequently rejected or automatically deleted by browsers (like Safari, Firefox, and now Chrome).
Widely used in the past but have fallen out of favor due to being associated with invasive tracking practices.

Question 7

Which type of cookies are better and why

Answer 7

FIRST PARTY

More Reliable:

Since they are created by the website the user is visiting, they are less likely to be blocked or rejected by browsers or security tools.
Ideal for tracking unique visitors, repeat visits, and on-site behavior.
Essential for Many Services:

Email providers, banking sites, e-commerce platforms, and others rely on first party cookies to ensure proper user experience.
Accepted by Default:

Unlike third party cookies, first party cookies are usually accepted by default in most browser settings.