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IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY - Lec > Common Blood Groups > Flashcards

Common Blood Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Two major antigen of Kell system

A

K (Kell)
k (cellano)

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2
Q

Where is KEL gene located?

A

Chromosome 7

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3
Q

Kell antigens are highly abundant in which part of the body?

A

Testes

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4
Q

At how many weeks of gestation can we see the Kell antigens?

A

As early as 7 weeks

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5
Q

Modified true or false:

The k antigen is very immunogenic, and it can cause severe hemolytic disorder of the fetus and the newborn

A

False. K antigen

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6
Q

What are the two other Kell antigens?

A

Kp antigen
Js antigen

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7
Q

Type of Kp antigen that has a low frequency

A

Kpa (penney)

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8
Q

Type of Kp antigen that has a high frequency

A

Kpb (Rauttenberg)

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9
Q

Type of Js antigen that has a low frequency

A

Jsa

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10
Q

Type of Js antigen that has a high frequency

A

Jsb

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11
Q

Kell antigens have ______ on the glycoproteins

A

Disulfide-bonded regions

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12
Q

Kell antigen is sensitive to what?

A

Sulfhydryl reagents

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13
Q

A phenotype that lacks the expression of all Kell antigens

A

K0 (zero)

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14
Q

Kell null individuals produce an antibody called _____

A

Anti-Ku (KEL5)

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15
Q

Anti-K is produced by individuals with _____

A

k antigen

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16
Q

What type of immunoglobulin is Anti-K?

A

IgG

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17
Q

Naturally occuring IgM of Anti-K is associated with what?

A

Bacterial infections

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18
Q

What does the Anti-K do to the body?

A

Destroys the erythroid precursor cells leading to:

Supression of erythropoiesis
Reticulocytopenia
Anemia

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19
Q

ISBT number of XK

A

019

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20
Q

What gene is located at the X chromosome?

A

XK1 gene

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21
Q

Modified true or false:

Kx antigen is dependent on Kell antigens

A

False. Kell antigen is dependent on Kx antigens

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22
Q

Kx antigen is present in all RBCs except for _______

A

McLeod phenotype

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23
Q

Kx is increased in individuals with ____

A

K0

24
Q

What is McLeod syndrome?

A

Absence of Kx & Km antigens. Still have the other Kell antigens but weakened

25
Q

McLeod syndrome is associated with several mutations in the _____

A

XK lotus

26
Q

Poikilocyte caused by McLeod syndrome

A

Acanthocytes

27
Q

Disease associated with McLeod syndrome

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)

28
Q

McLeod syndrome is common among _____. This syndrome is ___ linked

A

White males

X

29
Q

ISBT number of the Duffy blood group

A

008

30
Q

What are the 2 major antigens in the Duffy BGS?

A

Fya & Fyb

31
Q

What gene is responsible for encoding the Duffy antigen?

A

ACKR1

32
Q

In which chromosome is the Duffy gene located?

A

Chromosome 1

33
Q

At how many weeks of gestation can the Duffy antigen be identified?

A

6 weeks

34
Q

Modified true or false:

Duffy antigens (Fya & Fyb) are desroyed by enzymes

A

True

35
Q

Amino acid for Fya

A

Glycine

36
Q

Amino acid for Fyb

A

Aspartate

37
Q

What is the receptor protein for P. vivax?

A

ACKR1 / DARC

38
Q

Modified true or false

An individual with Fya+ & Fyb+ is resistant to malaria

A

False. Fya- & Fyb-

39
Q

Fy null gene is a mutated variant of what gene?

A

Fyb gene

40
Q

What is the antigenic precursor of Fya & Fyb?

A

Fy3

41
Q

Inherited weak form of Fyb

A

FyX

42
Q

ISBT number of Kidd BGS

A

009

43
Q

Chromosome responsible for Jk locus

A

Chromosome 18

44
Q

Silent gene of Kidd BGS

A

Jk gene

45
Q

What are the 2 codominant alleles of Kidd BGS?

A

Jka & Jkb

46
Q

Among Kidd, Duffy, and Kell blood groups, which one is not very immunogenic?

A

Kidd BGS

47
Q

Jka is detected at how many weekz of gestation?

A

11 weeks

48
Q

Jkb is detected at how many weekz of gestation?

A

7 weeks

49
Q

What is the common cause of delayed HTR?

A

Kidd antibodies

50
Q

How to detect Kidd antibodies?

A

Low Ionic Strength Solution (LISS) or Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)

51
Q

ISBT number of Lutheran BGS

A

005

52
Q

Which chromosome is responsible for the Lu genes?

A

Chromosome 19

53
Q

What are the 2 codominant alleles for the Lutheran BGS?

A

Lua & Lub

54
Q

Lu genes are detectable at how many weeks of gestation?

A

10-12 weeks

55
Q

What phenotype lacks the expression of Kell antigens?

A

K0

56
Q

Type of Immunoglobulin for Anti-Lua

A

IgM, rarely IgG

57
Q

Blood group with rare or mild HTR & HDN

A

Lutheran BGS

IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY - Lec (8 decks)

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