Basics Of Immunology & Serology Flashcards
IgE attaches to what
Surfaces of basophils and mast cells
Where is IgA found?
Secretions
Where is IgD and IgM found?
Surfaces of B cells
Where can you mainly find IgG?
Serum
Smallest to largest immunoglobulins:
IgG - IgD - IgE - IgA - IgM
How many units is IgM made out of?
5 (pentamer)
What region is made out of disulfide bonds?
Hinge region
Which region is concerned in binding with the antigen?
Variable region
Which antibody has the highest amount in the body?
IgG
Which antibody is first to be produced during an immune response?
IgM
IgG reacts at what temperature?
37°C (body temp)
What reagent do we nees to have a visible agglutination for IgG
Antihuman globulin
When a patient recieves a blood component (antigen) that they don’t have, what will happen?
Their body will start producing antibodies against it
In HDFN, what antibody is produced that attacks the fetus during the 2nd pregnancy?
IgG
Functions of the complement system:
- Opsonization
- Anaphylaxis
- Lysis
- Chemotaxis
In the complement system, what function has a manner of killing foreign antigen by membrane lysis?
Lysis
In the complement system, what function recruits platelets and phagocytes during an immune response?
Chemotaxis
What are the 3 (Three) pathways?
Classical pathway
MB-Lectin pathway
Alternative pathway
Antibodies that can trigger the classical pathway
IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3
In blood banking, what antibodies have the most significance?
IgM, IgG
There is a higher concentration of __________ in prozone
Antibodies (Ab)
There is a higher concentration of __________ in postzone
Antigens (Ag)
What is the distancs between red cells? What causes them to repel each other?
Zeta potential
RBCs have the same negative charge on their surface.
Reaction media that is commonly used in the laboratory
LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution)
LISS reduces the incubation time to how many minutes?
10 minutes
IgM reacts at what temperature?
4°C
Postzone is interpreted as what?
False negative
How is red cell washing important?
It removes any impurities in the sample
