Basics Of Immunology & Serology

Question 1

IgE attaches to what

Answer 1

Surfaces of basophils and mast cells

Question 2

Where is IgA found?

Answer 2

Secretions

Question 3

Where is IgD and IgM found?

Answer 3

Surfaces of B cells

Question 4

Where can you mainly find IgG?

Answer 4

Serum

Question 5

Smallest to largest immunoglobulins:

Answer 5

IgG - IgD - IgE - IgA - IgM

Question 6

How many units is IgM made out of?

Answer 6

5 (pentamer)

Question 7

What region is made out of disulfide bonds?

Answer 7

Hinge region

Question 8

Which region is concerned in binding with the antigen?

Answer 8

Variable region

Question 9

Which antibody has the highest amount in the body?

Answer 9

IgG

Question 10

Which antibody is first to be produced during an immune response?

Answer 10

IgM

Question 11

IgG reacts at what temperature?

Answer 11

37°C (body temp)

Question 12

What reagent do we nees to have a visible agglutination for IgG

Answer 12

Antihuman globulin

Question 13

When a patient recieves a blood component (antigen) that they don’t have, what will happen?

Answer 13

Their body will start producing antibodies against it

Question 14

In HDFN, what antibody is produced that attacks the fetus during the 2nd pregnancy?

Answer 14

IgG

Question 15

Functions of the complement system:

Answer 15

• Opsonization
• Anaphylaxis
• Lysis
• Chemotaxis

Question 16

In the complement system, what function has a manner of killing foreign antigen by membrane lysis?

Answer 16

Lysis

Question 17

In the complement system, what function recruits platelets and phagocytes during an immune response?

Answer 17

Chemotaxis

Question 18

What are the 3 (Three) pathways?

Answer 18

Classical pathway
MB-Lectin pathway
Alternative pathway

Question 19

Antibodies that can trigger the classical pathway

Answer 19

IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3

Question 20

In blood banking, what antibodies have the most significance?

Answer 20

IgM, IgG

Question 21

There is a higher concentration of __________ in prozone

Answer 21

Antibodies (Ab)

Question 22

There is a higher concentration of __________ in postzone

Answer 22

Antigens (Ag)

Question 23

What is the distancs between red cells? What causes them to repel each other?

Answer 23

Zeta potential

RBCs have the same negative charge on their surface.

Question 24

Reaction media that is commonly used in the laboratory

Answer 24

LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution)

Question 25

LISS reduces the incubation time to how many minutes?

Answer 25

10 minutes

Question 26

IgM reacts at what temperature?

Answer 26

4°C

Question 27

Postzone is interpreted as what?

Answer 27

False negative

Question 28

How is red cell washing important?

Answer 28

It removes any impurities in the sample