Commercial Auditor Training Flashcards
1
Q
flush volume
A
(flush time in seconds - 1)/2
2
Q
flush seconds efficient
A
1-3 seconds
3
Q
Urinal
A
3 seconsd 0.75 galons
4
Q
common
A
10-20% of toilet flappers leak
5
Q
5 second drip test
A
small bottle use chart
6
Q
Ask staff about
A
ongoing testing, housekeeping reporting to maintenance, repair times
7
Q
inefficient urinals
A
65%
8
Q
0.5 gpf for urinal is
A
WaterSense standard
9
Q
HEU
A
.5 gpf
10
Q
UHEU
A
less than l0.125 gpf
11
Q
Types of Urinals
A
- Wash Down, 1 pint, waterless
12
Q
plugs urinals
A
Struvite NH4MGPO4.6H2o
13
Q
checking urinals
A
- look for stamp on porcelain
- check date stamp inside
- no measuring techique to test
- listen and look for high water use, leaks, and proper functioning
14
Q
hands free
A
touchless - clean sensor
15
Q
types of faucet hands free
A
Foot valve, knee valve
16
Q
aerator testing
A
check stamp on aerator
17
Q
1 cup is how many ounces
A
8 ounces
18
Q
A
19
Q
data to be collected in Rest Rooms
A
- Tank toilets
- Flush valve toilet
- Urinals
20
Q
6 seconds for flushing toilet
150 uses/day
then switch to 1.1 gpf water sense savings
A
276,650 gals/year
(6-1)/3 = 2.5 gpf
1.1 gpf changlout 2.5-1.1 = 1.4 gpf saved x 150 x 365=76.650 gallons/year
21
Q
efficient toilet seconds
A
3 and 3-5
22
Q
check diaphragms at airport
A
every month, but normally is every year
23
Q
Goal for kitchen
A
identify, learn approach to investigate water savings/ WUE fixture investigation methods
24
Q
Equipment to be efficient in kitchen is:
A
Water Sense
Energy Star
CEE
25
Kitchen water
1. Dishwashing,
2. is restrooms;
3. cooling and heating, other, other
26
Why listen to us about water saving
Because, water rates are going up
27
10 things
mdishwasher, sinks, ice makers, combi ovens, PRSV, Steak cookers, dipper wells, toilets, floor washing. tri sink dish washing, leaks
28
Agencies to for kitchen appliances
EPA, Energy Star, CEE
29
PRSN
wash dogs, clean out pizza mess,
30
types of equip in kitchen
PRSN, dipper wells, air-cooled ice machines, com dish, connectionless foos steamers, combi ovens, troughs, garbage disposal
31
PRSN
new is 1.28 gpm
32
Valve retrofis for PRSN Jamba juice
pre and post retrofit sales; changes in more smoothies; need to see occupancy; due by # smoothies
33
Dipper wells
avg use is 800 gpd; eliminate continuous use 600 gallons/year
34
dipper wells traditional
single faucet, constant flow, from .25 gpm to 1 gpm 8-12 hrs/day
35
efficient dipper well used ___ water
hot
36
multisinks
do not use a aerator, is it leaking, should have labels, wahs rinse, sanitize
37
hand sink
chicken hands
38
ice machines
want air cooled
39
don't want ice machine
connected to closed loop system
40
big service ice machine uses
remote-cooled condensers/ should go outside
41
lines in water cooledcondesner
supply to make ice and one to cool
42
lines in air cooled
1 line
43
if ice machine has flakes
air cooled
44
W in model for ice machine and A
W is water cooled, A is air cooled
45
air-cooled maintenance
clean or replace air filters, cooling fan can become noisy, exhause air can add extra heat to hot kithcn
46
water cooled ice machines
are quieter
47
water coming out in ice machine
ice melting
48
avg cost per 100 lbs
Air cooled $0.64, water $3.07
49
1,000 to 2,000 lbs ice per day
large
50
types of ice
cube and flake ice, recommend same type of ice
51
key for ice maker
use air cooled, cube under 20 gallons of water per 100 pounds of ice
52
;Dish washer: stationary
Glasswasher (bar), under counter (cafe), single tank, door type (small full service restaurants), pot, pan, utensils (supermarkets, cafeteriasO)
53
types of conveyor
single tank conveyor (med full service), multiple tank conveyor (large food service), flight type or rack less conveyer gallons/rack
54
Energy star certified dishwashers
12% more evvicien, conveyor is gallons per cycle
55
conveyor changeout
very expensive
56
conveyor efficiency
put dish in and comes out and still runs - sensor
57
conveyor efficiency
nozzle change out, how old
58
find more efficient dishwasher
Hobart CL44E look for gallons per cycle and racks per hour, 202 racks per hour, 0.61 gals per rack, 2.1 gpm, 126 gph
59
lease per own
have contract, work with them, own in hospitals, schools and institutional like prison
60
Takeaways:
conveyor-ensure water flow stops when no dishes, install sensing arm or ware gate to detect presnece of dishes
reduce dishwasher hot water temp, operate diswaher only when fully loaded, favorite time 1o0 am and 2 pm is most busy
61
boilerless food steamers
90% less water, 75% less energy, no water hook-up, now sewer hook-up, no vent; expensive and now are good-were not equivalent to connected; now have cught up; check if ther is connection to water, ch name place, determine hours of operation, check how used(in and out or steady cooling)
62
boilerless
use Energy Star, for boiler types recomend wateri tempering devices
63
Combi oven
steamer and oven
64
Combis:
popular, can consume 40 gals/hr, boilerless ones use much less water, can save 100 K water per year, standared is 1.5 gph, no more than 0.5 gallons per cavity
65
combi takeawya
select boilerless ovens and chek for leaks and that the spray nozzle
66
Covers
the whole thing appetizer, main, drinks
67
Trough and spay in use
9 gallons a minute;
68
scrap baskets
now have scrap basket, old system with water, saves money
69
garbage disposal
2-4 hours/day based on staff info; flow rates of nozzles shows 4.0 gpm (2 gpm frome ach nozzle), assume 3 hrs of oper at 4.0 gpm = 3 hrs x 60 mins x 4.0 gpm = 720 gallons a day, composting reduce water use to zero
70
waste disposal
grinder, mechanical strainer, Pulper, strainer basket, composting
71
key
efficien PRSN, replace water cooled with air cooled
72
Irrigation
separate info, determine if need one determine
73
PRSN old is 2.0 gpm and 1.2 gpm : 2 hrs/dayy
(2.0-1.2 gpm)= .8 gpm
2,880 gpm, cold $11.82 Cost of PRSV $60, Payback $60/11.82 = 5 months
74
Finalizing the report
1. either email of export the file
export to Excel, you can add photos from site
2. have another person reviwe the report before sending to customer
3. Send the report to customer
4. Follow up with your customer to support rebates and/or taking action on recommendations
75
Generating a report
Try to make it indiviual: my name autidt date, auditor name and contact info
Recommendation w/water savings and payback
Pictures
Recommended next steps
76
final report
saving sorted by savings or dollars
77
Laundry
Residential, coin/card operated, on-premise systems
78
under 40 lbs
generallyprovided by "Route Operator" - do not own equipmen
often found in: Laundromats, Hotels for guests' use, Dorms (for essidents' use, Apartment
79
Hotel guests
coin operated washers 3.0 to 3.5 CF
80
MEF:
MWF
MEF quotient of cubic foot capacity of the clothes container divide by the total clothes washer energy consump
MWF quotient of the total weighted per-cycle water sonsumption for all washe cycles
81
DOE
Top MEF 1.36 IWF 8.8
Fron Loading
82
Larger Com Equp
over 40 lbs
83
Industrial washers
30-800 lbs per load
84
Big operation
Tunnel Washers 1,500 lbs/hour
85
pH works better
High pH works better
86
Common laundry chems
Alkali (Break), Detergentk
87
tunnel washer eff
0.7 to 2.0 gallons/lb.
88
Tunnel Washer does not have
Dryer
89
Take Aways for Laundry
separate laundry by cycles need, correct chem formulation
90
Ozone
less bleach, not as much hot water
91
O3
Venturi and bubble dfuser
92
Steam Use in Laundry
don't see to ofter
93
Lint
very flammable
94
Laundry metering
on cold and hot water: most using 20-30% hot water
95
How much water does a Braun moed 400 poun dmachine use per load?
96
California - Urban Water Use Objectives effective Jan 1,2025
1. Indoor Residential Use
2. Outdoor Residential Use
3. Dedicated irrigation use
4. Water Losses
97
Energy Star Portfolio - CII Classification Categorise
22 of them
1. Banking/Financial Service
2. Education
3. Entertainment/Public Assembly
4. Food Sales and Service
5. Healthcare
6. Lodging
7. Manufacturing/Industrial
8. Mixed Use Properties
9. Offices
10. Parking
11. Public Services
12. Religious Worship
13. Retail
14. Technology/Science
15. Services
16. Utility
17. Warehouse/Storage
18. Other
19. CII Laundries
20. Landscapes with DIM
21. Water recreation
22. Car wash
98
Mixed Use Accounts/Property
Energy star Porfolio Manger is one tha contains multiple property types, non of which are greater than 50% of the total Gross Floor Area (GFA), including parking Gross Floor Area. If one part is >50% of the total GFA the water user should be classified based on the use that accts for the largest GFA
99
CII Water Audit Categories
1. Water Use Meters & Leak Detection
2. Domestic Infoor
3. Non-Domestic Indoor
4. Outoor
100
Multifamily is Commercial?
They are a commercial facility supplying domestic users
101
Typical water system pressure
40 to 70 p.s.i.
102
Average water-cooled ice maker uses:
104 gallons of water per 100 pounds of ice made
103
2. 2nd Day starting: Metering, measurement & leaks- Coming Regulatory requirements
2021 ANSI?iapmo , CT, EC, Pools and Spas, Water features, Fluid Coolers and Chillers, On site water sources, Lanscape Irr sys, Tenant spaces, Indust processes, roof spray/Gree roofs
104
Meter hot water
meter coold water to hot water
105
meter on
car wahses, CT and boilet, Com laundries, Parks and rec areas, Beauty salons, med, dental, water featurs
106
types of meters
positive displacement meters, turbine, compound-displacement for lw flow, Turbine
107
New IOT Technologies
AMI on utility side
108
Phyn
pres, temp, and flow rates for commercial too
109
5 leak detection methods
1. Reg checking of meter data and Adv Metering Integration
2. POU systems
3. Inspection of WW flows at night
4. Sonic listening devices
5. People keeping watch
110
Meter Reading Mgmt Systems
Water flow sensor and shut-off valve, Control panel and alarm (high flow shut-off)
111
Amecan Standard
has new meter
112
Local Water Alarm
Cost- $10 - $60o
113
Sewer flow
flow in manhole, clean water flows
114
Non-intrusive meter
best temp metering tech, meter set-up is critical,
115
People are important
place signage in restrooms, train staff to recognize signs of leaks, wet spots, running toilets and urinals, sound of running water, other malfunctions
116
Check the drains for leaks
Floor drains
117
Data to collect
Historic water usage, location of water meter, units of measurement, visual inspection for leaks, location of submeters or other water monitoring equip, on-site water conservation signage
118
Water Treatment
Basic watert chem, types and purpose, look at treatment equip
119
Why water treatment
save water and energy, improve quality of incoming water, treat water for recycle or reuse at facility, clean WW to pretreatment or discharge standards
120
Basic Chem
Dissolved salts, alkalinity, pH, Bicarbonate, hardness, Iron and Manganese, Organics, particulates
121
Conductivity measurements
micor siemens/cm2
122
Grains per gallon
2.9 grains gallon-100 microsiemens
123
Divalent cations
electrons come off, Ca is divalent
124
pH range
7 is pure water
125
What is Hardness
the amt of dissolved calcium and magnesium in the water
It causes scale in pipes, water spots on glasses and fixtures, clogs things up, and keeps soap from working properly, and causes water heaters to fill with cal carbon deposits and fail early
126
UsHardness 7-10 grains
Hard water
127
Silica
type of dissolve mineral forms scale in cooling towers
128
Filtration of particulates
Strainers, particulate
129
Types of filters
sand, diatomaceous earth, bag filters, fabric filters, ceramic filters,
130
Filter backwash practice
set on prssure drop, backwash until sight glass clear, automatic systems setting backwash cycle critical, NO TIMERS Ever
131
Centrifical filters
Bag into waste
132
Activated carbon
AC filter screw onto hose, powdered activated carbon; white sugar goes through AC filter to be white
133
Softeners how work
softening either with ion exchange resin or lime precipitation, special ion removal such as iron, arsenic, deionization (strong acid/base resin)
134
Sotening types
up flow and down flow: up flow is 5% more efficient; measure water use on thes things
135
Softening timer vs flow based
Timer bases systems recharge at a set time usually based on the worst of conditions; flow base backwashe recharge based on actual amt of water treated based on water chemistry
136
ANSI/IAPMO 2018 water efficiency standare for Res water softeners
dshall not generate more than 4 gallons of water per 1,000 grains of harness
137
IAPMO and NSF 44 Softener standards
1 lb of salt should remove at least 3,400 grains of hardness
138
R.O..
Spral Wound and hollow fiber membrane filters and RO Units
139
Microfiltration
1 micron-bacteria bigger
140
Kidney Dialsis
Salt, softening, "Siemens RO System for Dialysis"
141
Disinfection methods
1. chemical disinfection- chlorine tables, chloring Gas, Chlorinator salt cell
142
Ozone saves because
less hot water, less rinsing, no chlorine
143
Recap
Treat water wonly when necessary, use RO, nanfiltration, distillation, tell service provider that you want water salt efficient, follow the following good softener design points
144
Grains per gallon cal
10 graines/gallon
145
Pools and Spas #1 problem
Leaks- but costly repair
146
How you vacuum pool
how you do it determines wastage
147
Backwash
In pool and spa 1/mnth winter, 1/wk busy
148
Doubletree
feed chlorine and acit
149
How pools work
Pre plumb when built-pipe is in gunnite or concrete, pipes 6' underground
150
CDC mandates
entire volume goes through filter
151
DT spa has
cartridgefilete
152
Pool has what type of filter
(3) sand filters
153
DE
has 3 way valve to backwash and so does sand filter. Cartridge does not have backwash-water still has chlorine in it. move from sand to cartridge filter.
154
Diatomaceous earth
collects particles
155
CDC turnover Turnover time. put a meter,
Larger Poola 6 hrs, pools under 4.0 feet deep-4.5 hours, spas .5 hrs, Wading pools 1.0 hr
156
How many skimmers and filter
1 for big stuff and one for small
157
Pressure Gauges
manually backwash-if less well maintained then recomment automated way to backwash
158
Level controls
A float goes up and down-can have electronic which is good, DT is manual,-want meter on it
159
Shades and covers
95% savings, can do with chemicals-shine 15% savings, plant tree for shade-look at air differencial
160
Pan evaporation
evap of surface water-- pan is 2xs, pan evaporation-10" , 0.623, 100K suface area x 10" = 10000 gallons x .623=6,000 gals/month
161
home depot bucket: fill to level of pool and put on step
delta for 1 day
162
vacuum cleaners matter
do you have filter in cartridge in vacuum
163
Pond
less evap because shaded
164
COOLING TOWERS
like a bathtub; basin, water supply, drain, overflow
165
CT has
basin watersupply, drain overflow
166
Understanding CTs
1. draws air from atmosphere
2. Accelerates air
3. passes it through mze of structure and fill (packing material)
4. Heats it
5. Expands it
6. Saturates with moisute
7. Scrubs it
8. compresses it
9. releases to air
167
2 types of CT
Open and closed circuit
168
Crossflow
2 pipes in
169
CT controller
dumps water when too salty
170
Blowdown
conc to high so drain to prevent scale
171
Meters
have customer read them
172
Evaporation is ____
natural
173
Evap
2.4 gpm/100 tons/10 degrees of evap booling
174
Every ton- hour (3.5 kWh)
1.44 gals of water evaporated
175
COC
1. visual
2. test water COC
Blowdonwm TDS/Makeup TDS, Electrical Conductivity not same as TDS
176
COC
5 is good, <3 "possible room for improvement"
177
CT submeter
Required for sewer revap credit programs
vital for determining running eff of CTs
Costs range from $1,800--$4,500 including meter transmitter and installation
178
CT possible sources of water
Condensate , blowdown
179
Possible uses of CT water
Lanscape irrigation, sanitation, makeup water for ornamental ponds
180
Landscape
MWELO /Local Regulations; irrig Basic Concepts, Water Wasters, Steps in Assess Process, Water Budgets, Data to Colllect
181
MWELO model
1st stage sets water budget for irrigation by 2030j; last update 2021
182
State law for irrigation auditor
All irrigation auditors must be certified
183
Albuquerque
Las Vegas
Santa monica
Tucson
Sante Fe
limits days week watering
prohibits new turf
Limits time spray heads run
184
Master valve
For leakage and for system - 2 of them
185
Backflow preventor
All commercial bldgs must have
186
Spray Irrigation
in audit turn on all valves
187
Pressure test on drip water
10 psi from beginning to end then have a problem
188
Usually have a master valve
to shut ff irrigation
189
Backflow devices
see reduced pressure backflow or double check valve (going to be mandated): high
190
Sprinkler efficiency
Head to head coverage
191
Drip want ______ compensating heads
pressure
192
Weather stations
Weathermatic has 1,000s of services
193
Newer Irrigation Technologies
Weather Station
Globe HydroMeter combination analog-digital flow sensor
Web Enabled Cell Phone - Baseline soil moisture sensor, remote control
194
Why develop a budget?
CI expectation of 0.8 ET
195
MWELO formula
(.8) x ETo(in) x landscaped area (ft2) x 0.62 = MAWA
(PF) x ET9(in) x landscaped area (ft2) x 0.62 = budget
196
Lanscape Water Budgets
Creat a site map
Meause landscape area with documented plant types: online-Google maps - physical measurement on-site
Apply formulas to develop Water Budget
Validate based on review
197
WUCOLS
Native plant - 70-90 no irrigation
High:turf annuals, willows, redwoods
Moderate (M) 40-60 many common ornamentals, roses
Low 10-30 Many Cal natives
Very low less than 10 Highly drought tolerant
198
Rainfall
effective 25% of rainfall is useful by EPA; take 25% off of rain fall, 4" mulch
199
Mulch
should be 3" dept-changes temp differencial; mulch increase effective rainfall and reduce loss
200
DU
how good we are at each plant or area
201
Irrig efficiency
ration of volume of water that is beneficially used by the plants in a hydrozone to the volume of irrig water applies
Percentage, where 100% i perfect
202
Recycled Water for Landscape
*many types of water can be recycled onsite
*minimal filtering requirements for sub-surface irrigation
*Excempt form landscape water budgets
*required in San Fracisco and more adopting
203
Types of dirt
Clay, Loam, and sand
204
Dirt in jar
Clay comes to top, sand at bottom, loam in middle
205
90,000 13" et
