Commands

Question 1

Ipconfig

Answer 1

• Displays the current configuration of the installed IP stack on a networked computer using TCP/IP
  
  • The /all switch can be used to view additional details about each adapter.
  • Can be used to refresh Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings.

Question 2

IPconfig /all

Answer 2

• Shows everything on a network such as network cards.

MAC addresses

Question 3

IPconfig /?

Answer 3

Help screen for IPconfig

Question 4

IPconfig /Release

Answer 4

Refreshes IP.

Question 5

IPconfig /renew

Answer 5

Renews the IP

Question 6

Flush dns

Answer 6

Clears DNS cache

Question 7

Ping

Answer 7

• Verifies IP- Level connectivity to another TCP/IP device by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages.
• A number of switches can accommodate different testing scenarios.
• Can be used to test IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity.
• Used to test network connectivity.
-t

Question 8

Tracert (Trace route)

Answer 8

• Determines the path taken to a destination by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo request messages to the destination with incrementally increasing Time to Live (TTL) field values.
• Used to “trace” a network path from sending to receiving device.
Useful if the local device is testing ok but connectivity can’t be established.

Question 9

Nbtstat

Answer 9

• Displays NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT) protocol statistics for the local and remote computers, NetBIOs name tables for both the local computers and the remote computers and the NetBIOS name cache.
• NetBIOS was developed to communicate over a network using the session layer of the OSI model.
• NetBIOS establishes logical names on the network, establishes sessions between two logical names on the network, and supports reliable data transfer between computers that have established a session.
NetBIOS over TCP/IP sends the NetBIOS protocol within TCP and UDP sessions.

Question 10

PathPing

Answer 10

• A command-line route tracing tool that combines features of the tools Ping and TraceRt that includes additional information.
• PathPing sends packets to each router on the way to a final destination over a period of time, and then computers results based on the packets returned from each hop.
PathPing can show the degree of the packets loss at any specified router link enabling you to pinpoint links that might be causing network problems.

Question 11

Nslookup

Answer 11

• Displays information that you may use can use diagnose Domain Name System (DNS)
The Nslookup command-line tool is available only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol.

Question 12

Netsh (Net Shell)

Answer 12

• A command-line scripting utility that enables you to display or modify the network configuration of a computer currently running.
• Command works on a local or remote computers
• Provides a scripting feature that allows to run a group of commands in batch mode against a specified computer.
Enables you to save a configuration script in a text file for archival purposes or help you configure other servers.

Question 13

Net Start/ Stop

Answer 13

• Used to stop and start the network service of a machine.

Used for stopping and starting services.

Question 14

Route

Answer 14

• Displays and modifies the entries in the local IP routing table
• The route Print command can be used to display routing table for a Windows machine
○ This command gives the same result as netstat -r, but is more commonly used
The route command can also be used to add and delete static routers.

Question 15

FTP

Answer 15

• FTP stands for file transfer protocol. It is an application layer protocol as well as an application.
• Not a secure connection.
Port number 20 and 21

Question 16

Telnet

Answer 16

• Telnet is used to take control of a remote computer.
• It can also be used for troubleshooting by putting a port number.
• Not a secure connection.
Port 23

Question 17

ARP

Answer 17

Used to find out what the MAC address is.

Question 18

NETSTAT

Answer 18

Displays active TCP connections, ports on which the computer is listening, Ethernet statistics, the IP routing table, IPv4 statistics (for the IP, ICMP, TCP and UDP protocols), and the IPv6 statistics.
• Used without parameters, netstat displays active TCP connections. (Connections to other systems.)
• Used to display active TCP (or UDP) connections, as well as a host of other statistics.