Comertul Flashcards

1
Q

Comertul (def)

A

Are o impt strategica pt dezvoltarea echilibru a sistemelor eco si social din orice tara

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2
Q

Functiile comertului

A

Cump. mf in vederea vz catre cons. finali/intermed
Stoc. mf
Factionarea mf
Transfer. mf pct.ele productie la consum
Crearea conditilore pt realizarea efectiva vz
Promovarea pd
Cercetare nevoilor cons.

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3
Q

Comerciantii (def)

A

Considerate comercianti persoanele fizica/jur. care desfasoara, in mode obisnuit actv. de comert si acesta sa fie actv. sa de baza

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4
Q

Limitari a comercianti

A

Cu privire pers. : incapicitati, incompatibil

Cu privire desf. activitatii : monopol stat, o serie actv care presupun atestare pro. , actv. care presupun autorizatii spec.

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5
Q

Obligatii comercianti

A

Decurg din activ. desf.
Fiscale
Decurg din cal. de patron

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6
Q

Drepturi comercianti

A

De a se apara la instantele com.
Beneficia de asistenta de spe. de la organisme abilitate ale statului
Infiinta/se asocia in cadrul unor orga. pro.

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7
Q

Comerciantii angrositii (caracter.)

A

B2B
In partizi mari
Legatura dintre prod-viriga comerciala
Resurse financiare impt
Q foarte mari
Val. tranzactional mare

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8
Q

Comerciantii angrositii (Tipologia)

A

Angrosisti clasici
Brokeri si agenti
Filiale si birouri ale producator
Angrosisti diversi

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9
Q

Angrosisti clasici

A

Care ofere servicii complete :
Mf generale si linii pd
Sunt spe in com. unei parti a unei linii pd
Catre producatori

Care ofere servicii limitate :
“cash & carry”
camionagii angro.
agenti de expeditie (dropshippers)
intermed. com (rack jobbers)
cooperative de prod.
pe baza comenzi trimise prin posta

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10
Q

Brokeri si agenti

A

Nu detin mf, faciliteaza cump si vz pt un comision 2-10% pretul vz

Brokerii : pun in contact cump cu vz, nu asuma risc, ajuta la negociere

Agenţii producătorilor (prod.or mf complementare)
Agenţii comerciali (vând toate pd unui prod.)
Agenţii de achiziţii (fac achiziţii pentru cumpărătorii lor)

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11
Q

Filiale si birouri ale producator

A

Com. efectuat de prod. fara mijlocire

Filiale si b. com : imbun control stoc si raliz. vz
Birourile de achizitie : in stain., mari pt, achizit. mat. I in conditii avantajoase

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12
Q

Angrosisti diversi

A

Lucreaza cu schelele de extractie si terminale petroliere, firme spe. in licitatii (=appel d’offre)

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13
Q

Comerciantii detailisti (def)

A

Vz-Cump B2C, cump in partizi mari / vz in partizi mici
Actv care incheie circuit economic de mf

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14
Q

Comerciantii detailisti (tipologia)

A

Magazine de desf. cu amanuntul (comert stabil)
Comertul in afara magazinelor (comert mobil)
Organizatiile profilate pe CcA/retail

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15
Q

Magazine de desf. cu amanuntul (comert stabil)

A

Mag. specializate
Mag. universal
Hipermk
Supermk
Mag. discount, de tip hard-discount
Salonul de prezentare
Mall-ul

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16
Q

Comertul in afara magazinelor (comert mobil)

A

Vz directa
Pub directa
Vz automatizata
Servirea preferentiala
Pt volante, festivaluri sau event spe
Vz prin intermed unor vehicule

17
Q

Organizatiile profilate pe CcA/retail

A

Lantul corporative (Carrefour, Auchan, Mega Image…)
Lanturile voluntar si coop. profilate pe CcA
Coorporativa de consum
Orga de tip franciza (5toGo, KFC, McDo .. )