Colorful Anemia Chartizzle Flashcards

1
Q

List the microcytic anemias

A
T: Thalassemia
A: Anemia of Chronic Disorders
I: Iron deficiency
L: Lead poisoning
S: hereditary spherocytosis
S: Sideroblastic Anemia
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2
Q

List the microcytic hemolytic anemias

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

Thalassemia

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3
Q

List the Macrocytic anemias

A

B12 deficiency

Folate deficiency

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4
Q

List the Hemolytic anemias

A

Hereditary spherocytosis
Thalassemia

G6PD
AIHA
PK Def
Sickle Cell

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5
Q

Normocytic/Random Anemias

A

Anemia due to renal dysfunciton
Endocrine related anemia
Sideroblastic
Malnutrition

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6
Q

Menstrual loss, bleeding, dietary intake, absorption issues, cancer, pregnancy can cause which anemia?

A

Iron Deficiency

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7
Q

Chronic inflammation (too much damage), alcoholism, malignancy can cause which anemia?

A

Anemia of Chronic Disease

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8
Q

Exposure to lead including eating paint chips can cause which anemia?

A

Lead intoxication

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9
Q

Mutated proteins cause weakened membrane (spectrin, ank, band 3) and spherocyte formation. Autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. can cause which anemia?

A

Hereditary Spherocytocis

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10
Q

Different hemoglobin chains present than normal- Autosomal recessive disorders can cause which anemia?

A

Thalassemia

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11
Q

Vegan diet, pernicious anemia (autoimmune destruction of Intrinsic factor cells), failure to produce IF, malabsorbtion, defective transport or storage, metabolic pathway deficits can cause which anemia?

A

B12 Deficiency

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12
Q

Alcoholism, overcooking food, malabsorbtion, inadequate intake, parasitic infection, pregnancy, drink lots of goats milk can cause which anemia?

A

Folate deficiency

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13
Q

X-linked recessive enzyme deficiency (males affected), triggered by lots of foods (fava beans) and chemicals can cause which anemia?

A

G6PD Deficiency

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14
Q

Infection, malignancy, autoimmune, drugs can cause which anemia?

A

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

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15
Q

Second most common enzyme deficiency anemia

A

PK deficiency

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16
Q

Genetic mutation causing a Glu->Val transformation on hemoglobin leading to sickled RBC’s and hemolysis can cause which anemia?

A

Sickle Cell

17
Q

Renal dysfunction. can cause which anemia?

A

Anemia due to renal dysfunction

18
Q

Chronic alcoholism, B6 deficiency, Lead poisining, hereditary or acquired (X linked recessive) can cause which anemia?

A

Sideroblastic (Deposits of iron in mitochondria of erythroid precursors)

19
Q

Signs and symptoms of Hereditary spherocytosis

A
Anemia,
 jaundice, 
splenomegaly, 
hyperbilirubinemia as neonates, 
can lead to aplastic crisis and biliary stones
20
Q

Signs and symptoms of Thalassemia

A

Splenomegaly,
expanded bone marrow,
delayed growth and development, endocrinopathies,
pulmonary hypertension

21
Q

Signs and symptoms of B12 Deficiency

A

Neurologic deficits, slow onset, smooth, sore tongue

22
Q

Signs and symptoms of Folate deficiency

A

slow onset, smooth, sore tongue

Same as B12, minus neurological symptoms, rapid onset

23
Q

Signs and symptoms of G6PD deficiency

A

Acute hemolytic anemia,
hyperbilirubinemia,
variable degrees of anemia

24
Q

Signs and symptoms of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

A
acute or chronic onset of anemia, 
pallor 
jaundice
dark urine. 
Splenomegaly may occur. 
Positive DAT test (direct coombs)
25
Q

Signs and symptoms of PK deficiency

A

hemolysis,
splenomegaly,
gallstones
aplastic crises

26
Q

Signs and symptoms of Sickle cell anemia

A

Vessel damage leading to multi-organ damage (lungs, retina, spleen, kidney, CNS),
priaplasm, and
aplastic crisis

27
Q

Signs and symptoms of Anemia due to renal dysfunction

A
Prolonged bleeding time, 
fatigue, 
pallor, 
decreased exercise tolerance, 
dyspnea, 
tachypnea
28
Q

Signs and symptoms of Endocrine related anemia

A
Thyroid: Hyper or hypactivity, 
weight gain or loss, 
skin, 
hair nail changes, 
Adrenal: vomiting dehydration weakness, circulatory collapse
29
Q

List the organs associated with absorption

A

D J I

I F B