Colorectal Surgery Flashcards
what is the general function of the colon and rectum?
> fluid and electrolytes balance
waste management
continence
what arteries supply the colon?
superior and inferior mesenteric
going from the stomach to the colon how does the log concentration of all anaerobes change?
it increases
what can require surgical intervention?
> tumours > inflammation > degeneration > abnormal function > congenital
give examples of inflammatory problems that may lead to surgery
> ulcerative colitis
> crohn’s disease
name a degenerative condition that can may lead to surgery
diverticular disease
what abnormal function could lead to surgical intervention?
> constipation
incontinence
IBD
name two congenital conditions that can be managed with surgery
> atresia
> Hirchsprungs disease
what may patients present with in colon and rectal conditions?
> change in bowel habit/continence
bleeding
pain
non-intestinal manifestations
what type of pain is poorly localised?
visceral
what tissue are visceral pain receptors located in?
smooth muscle
how are visceral pain impulses communicated?
afferent impulses travel through sympathetic fibres accompanying segmental vessels
what investigations can be carried out for colonic cancer?
> endoscopy (colonoscopy and biopsy)
contrast imaging (barium enema)
CT / CT colonography
MRI
what should be considered for treatment of colonic cancer?
> resection
restoration of continuity
preservation of function
faecal diversion (stoma)
describe teach-back when gaining informed consent
> patient repeats in their own words what they need to know
test how well YOU explained the concept
chance to check understanding, and reteach information
NOT SHAMING TO THE PATIENT
