Colonies Chapter 3 SS Flashcards
Roanoke (1585-1587)
John White led the settlers
Sir Walter Raleigh paid for it twice
Virginia Company
Bought stock
Shared profits and losses
Was hired to take the Pilgrims to Virginia
Jamestown, Virginia
John Smith; soldier and leader
Matoax, Pocahantas, daughter of the chief
Was held for ransom in Jamestown but didn’t mind
Friend of John Smith
Married John Rolfe in England and was baptized
Died and buried in England
House of Burgesses
and
(1619)
Government of the Virginia Colony
First representative government in America
Also took the first steps toward Revolution and Civil War
Great Massacre (1622)
White colonists moved west; took land
The new chief was mad
So he attacked and 1200 were killed
The Anglican church
Controlled by the monarch
Puritans
Wanted to reform the Anglican church
All children had to learn to read the bible
Separatists
English people who wanted to belong to other churches
Left England and came to America
They settled in Plymouth Massachusetts
General Court
Representative Government of Massachusetts
Puritan beliefs
Godliness
Hard work
Honesty
Education
Blue Laws: Puritan rules and punishments
Roger Williams
A puritan minister who believed everyone is equal
Rhode Island
Roger Williams founded it
Guaranteed religious freedom
Anne Hutchinson
Challenged Puritan beliefs
Moved to the Rhode Island colony
Connecticut
Thomas Hooker; minister
Puritan colony
Fundamental Order
A constitution written by the leaders of Connecticut
First constitution ever in America
New Hampshire
John Mason
A colony for non-puritans
King Phillip’s War
Brutal 14-month war between colonists and natives
Salem Witchcraft Incident
Cause: Teenage girls, arguing neighbors, and people’s imaginations
Effect: Growing hysteria and 20 were killed
New York
Peter Stuyvesant
Originally New Neatherlands
Surrendered so the land went to New York (the English)
Patroons
Received land and privileges for bringing 50 settlers
New Jersey
John Berkeley and George Cataret with land from the Duke of York
Pennsylvania
William Penn; Quaker
Where Quakers could live freely and practice their beliefs
Believed that everyone is equal
Did not believe in having slaves
Delaware
Penn allowed three Swedish counties to become an independent colony
Maryland
Lord Baltimore
For Catholics and other christians
Carolinas
The king gave a charter to eight nobles
Latin for Charles’ land
Georgia
James Oglethorpe
Last of the 13 colonies
A second chance for debtors
Had a vision where everyone prospered
Colony benefits
Resources and diversity of cultures
All were fairly happy with the English government
From being away from England
Differences
Religious Reasons
Economics
A Fresh Starts
Indentured Servants
5-7 years of labor for passage to the colonies
The Powhatan
Largest tribe on America’s east coast
1588 War
The English defeated the Spanish + opened the oceans
Mercantilism
An economic system where colonies existed to provide wealth for their mother countries
