Colonies

Question 1

Jamestown was founded by the ________ a ______company dedicated to making a profit.

Answer 1

Virginia Company; joint-stock

Question 2

The Chesapeake colonies included _____ and _____.

Answer 2

Virginia and Maryland

Question 3

The climate of the Chesapeake colonies was ________so _____ became a cash crop.

Answer 3

warm and had abundant rainfall and fertile soil; tobacco.

Question 4

__________made up 3/4 of the 120,000 people who immigrated to the Chesapeake during the 17 century.

Answer 4

Indentured servants.

Question 5

Indentured servants were replaced by African slaves after ___________ rebelled against Gov. Berkeley captured and burned Jamestown.

Answer 5

Nathaniel Bacon

Question 6

Bacon’s Rebellion shows the tensions between the ________ and ______.

Answer 6

Wealthy planters and poor former indentured servants.

Question 7

The number of enslaved Africans in Virginia rose from ____ in ____ to over ____ in ____.

Answer 7

300 in 1650 to over 100,000 in 1750.

Question 8

Chesapeake colonies had various denominations of

Answer 8

Christianity such as Quakers, Catholics, and Anglicans.

Question 9

The New England colonies included ______,_______,_____, and _______. These colonies were founded by _____ who were fleeing from _____.

Answer 9

Massachusetts Bay Colony, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.

Question 10

The sermon _____ by ______ portrayed American exceptionalism for the first time. It gave the people to mindset and responsibility that they were superior to other countries and people and that they should create a ________. ____said “we must consider that we shall be a city upon a hill, the ___ of all ____are upon us.

Answer 10

City Upon a Hill in 1630 by John Winthrop; model society; John Winthrop.

eyes; peoples.

Question 11

Puritan authorities banished ____ for her _______ and ________ for his _____________.

Answer 11

Anne Hutchinson; unorthodox religious views.

Roger Williams; unorthodox political views.

Question 12

Puritans settled in _____ and typically lived in _______ centered around a ________

Answer 12

families; small, tight-knit communities; meetinghouse.

Question 13

The New England environment featured.
Famers cultivated crops such as
Famers cultivated crops such as

Answer 13

cold, long winters with stony soils and brief growing seasons; wheat, rye, maize, potatoes, and beans.
;fine lumber ships.

Question 14

The town meetings and representative assemblies were influenced by

Answer 14

British institutions,

Question 15

The mid-Atlantic colonies included

Answer 15

NY, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.

Question 16

The mid-Atlantic colonies had ______ and ____ that promoted commerce and

Answer 16

navigable rivers and deep natural harbors; diverse business opportunity. A

Question 17

NJ and NY

Answer 17

Thrived in export economy and was diverse. There was a significant high and low class.

Question 18

Mid Atlantic famers grew abundant crops of

Answer 18

wheat, corn, and other grains.

Question 19

_____ founded Pennsylvania which was a refuge of ____. Advocated_______ and allowed women to

Answer 19

William Penn; Quakers.

Religious toleration, opposed slavery, and allowed women to speak publicly in religious meetings,

Question 20

The British West Indies Colonies was dominated by

Answer 20

Sugar Plantations.

Question 21

The West Indian sugar economy created a society consisting of

Answer 21

filthy rich planter elite, a vast population of enslaves Africans, and a small number of free whites.

Question 22

Trans-Atlantic Trade occurred between_____ and it was the exchange of ___ and ______

Answer 22

The Americas, Europe, and Africa.

Goods; labor.

Question 23

________ in navigation and ship construction allowed for improved ____, _____, and _________ across the Atlantic.

Answer 23

Technological advances

transportation, communication, and trade volume.

Question 24

Mercantilism

Answer 24

British economic policy designed to achieve a favorable balance of trade by exporting more goods than importing in order to achieve this goal, Great Britain purchased raw materials from its American colonies and sold the more expensive manufacture goods.

Question 25

Trans-Atlantic Trade, Navigation Acts and Salutary Neglect

Answer 25

Due to the growing Atlantic trade from the American colonies, parliament to enact a series of Navigation Acts intended to integrate the American colonies into a coherent imperial structure based on mercantilist principles. However, European wars prevented GB from rigorously enforcing these Acts. During the “salutary neglect,” colonial merchants successfully evaded burdensome mercantile regulations and as a result, the colonists developed a spirit of independence.

Question 26

The Chesapeake and New England colonies both started with ______relationships with the natives but due to the __________ with the colonists wanting more and more land, the relationships started to sour. In addition, the colonists started viewing the natives negatively as savages etc.

Answer 26

peaceful.

expanding colonial population.

Question 27

Conflicts over ___ and ____ led to a series of ________. The Powhattan Confederacy attempted to dislodge the English colonists in Virginia but failed. New Englanders successfully defeated Metacomet also known as _________. The brutal raids claimed the lives of _______ settlers and at least ______natives.

Answer 27

culture; land
costly wars.

King Philip
1000; 4000

Question 28

Crops in the South such as _____, ______, and ____ resulted the need of a large supply of inexpensive labor. Slaves from Africa became more convenient than Natives or indentured servants. Though only a handful of whites owned slaves, the African slaves were put in the bottom of the social status resulting even poor whites to feel superior than them, and so supported slavery for providing social support.

Answer 28

Indigo, rice, and tobacco.

Question 29

Few___ and ___ white colonists questioned human bondage as either _______ or a ____ to their belief in liberty.

Answer 29

17th and 18th century

morally unacceptable; contradiction

Question 30

In ____ The ___________ enacted laws codifying slavery as a system of race based, inherited, and perpetual bondage.

Answer 30

1705; Virginia General Assembly

Question 31

A combination of ______, __________, _______, and enabled slavery to develop in Virginia in the period from ______ to _______.

Answer 31

Economic necessity, legal codes, and social support

1607-1750.

Question 32

The FIRST GREAT AWAKENING

Answer 32

A religious revival that stressed emotion as a way to achieve personal salvation.

Question 33

Enlightment

Answer 33

In contrast to the 1st Great Awakening, was an intellectual movement that stressed human reason as a way to discover the natural laws that regulated both the universe and human society.

Question 34

George Whitefield

Answer 34

British evangelist and charismatic preacher who traveled N America. Influenced people from Georgia to Maine. His career illustrates the growing importance of trans-Atlantic cultural exchanges between Great Britain its N American colonies.

Question 35

First Great Awakening and Enlightenment INFLUENCE

Answer 35

The First Great Awakening challenged the authority of the “OLD LIGHT” Puritan and Anglican ministers and resulted of many sects of Christianity which resulted the toleration of differences and lead to religious freedom.
The Enlightenment challenged the authority of the British Crown and royal officials in the colonies. The Enlightenment concept of natural rights reinforced the colonists idea of governing themselves which influenced the Declaration of Independence.