Colon Cancer Screening Lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

Colon cancer is the ___ most common cancer and cause of cancer death

Answer 1

3rd

Question 2

Modifiable risk factors of colon cancer (3) and nonmodifiable ones (6)

Answer 2

• obesity
• diet
• alcohol consumption
• age
• family history
• Inflammatory BS and ulcerative colitis
• radiation exposure
• lynch syndrome
• FAP

Question 3

Fecal occult blood test (guaiac)

Answer 3

Noninvasive cheap test to annually perform where a sample of stool is placed on a card that is then sent to a lab for screening, requires 3 samples, cessation of certain meds, but minimal bowel prep

Question 4

Fecal immunochemical test (FIT)

Answer 4

More expensive version of the yearly guaiac that has less false positives, can be done with a single sample, doesn’t require cessation of meds or bowel prep

Question 5

Cologard (FIT-DNA)

Answer 5

Stool DNA analysis of hemoglobin in abnormal cells shed by polyps or cancer, requires full stool sample once every 3 years that detects morecancer than the guaiac

Question 6

Flex sigmoidoscopy

Answer 6

Procedure to view the rectum and sigmoid colon that can be performed by physicians who are not gastroenterologists, minimal prep, usually minimal sedation and time, can do every 5 years recommended to be combined with FIT or guaiac if a patient is refusing a colonscopy

Question 7

CT colonography

Answer 7

Alternative procedure that requires aggressive bowel prep, no sedation or risk of perforation but positives require colonoscopy and repeat exposures to radiation, done every 5 years

Question 8

Screening guidelines for colorectal cancer according to USPTF

Answer 8

-screening 50-75, with 76-85 being individualized depending on risk factors, if high risk for FAP or other (such as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) then 40 or do it 10 years earlier than youngest age of colon cancer diagnosis