Colds And Allergies

Question 1

Mast Cells

Answer 1

Chemical immune mediators in CT and Mucosa
Release histamine

Question 2

Histamine release

Answer 2

Foreign substance (antigen) binds to mast cell
Mast cell releases histamines
Histamines inc inflammation, blood flow to area, mucus production and secretion

• runny nose, sneezing, itching, watery eyes

Question 3

Activated histamine

Answer 3

Adrenaline released
Bronchoconstriction
Dilation of BV
Frequent heartbeat
Vessels and capillaries inc permeability
Blood clotting
Gastric acid secretion
Swelling and inflammation

Question 4

Allergic rhinitis

Answer 4

Hay fever
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to exposure to allergens

Question 5

Allergen

Answer 5

Anything the body recognizes as foreign and provokes a response from immune system

Question 6

H1 receptor

Answer 6

Inc vascular permeability and inflammation
Receptor antagonists are targeted for treating allergies

Question 7

H1 receptor antagonist

Answer 7

“Antihistamines”
Anticholinergic effects
- prevent occurrence of allergic rhinitis
- relieve symptoms when they occur

Uses:
Vertigo/motion sickness
Cough
Insomnia
Urticaria (hives)

Question 8

Nasal corticosteroid

Answer 8

Reduce nasal congestion
Preferred drug for allergic rhinitis
Little to no side effects
Must be taken 1 to 3 weeks before benefits seen

Question 9

Nasal decongestant

Answer 9

Relieve nasal congestion
Can cause dependence- switch nasal corticosteroid
Rebound congestion
Use no longer than 3 to 5 days

Question 10

Antitussives (cough medicine)

Answer 10

Opioid or non opioid
Opioids
- more effective
- raise cough threshold in the brain
- dont use in people under 18

Non-opioid
- dextromethorphan
- chemically like opioids
- raise cough threshold in brain
- lower abuse potential than opioids