Cold war Topic 5 Flashcards
What did the Cuban Missile Crisis show to the leaders
That it was possible for a nuclear war
MAD was not enough for a stoppage
What two agreements were made indicating a thaw
- Hot line treaty 1963 - Direct communication
- The Limited test ban treaty 1963 - No nuclear testing in the atmosphere, under water or outer space
What two other agreements were made in the late 1960s
- The outer space treaty 1967 - No one could own the moon, stopped the arms race spreading into space
Nuclear Non proliferation treaty 1968 - Attempt to stop the spread of nuclear weapons, countries were divided into nuclear and non nuclear weapon states
What economic reasons did USA have which caused detente
- Inequalities, rich vs poor, black vs white
- the Vietnam war was happening and it was very unpopular, cost a lot of money (100s billions) and caused lots of deaths
- Both problems needed to be dealt with but too much money was being spent on the arms race
What economic reasons did the USSR have which caused detente
- Was spending more than 30% of its GDP on the arms race so that it didn’t fall behind
- Soviet technology was falling behind
- Agriculture was poor and they struggled to feed their own population
- Detente could help free money and use it to raise the living standards
How was China a cause of detente
- USSR’s and Chinas relationship was poor in 1969
- therefore Mao was more willing to become friends with the USA
- The USA were willing as they knew it would worry the USSR possibly pushing the USA and USSR into an agreement
What was it called, USA wanting to become friends with both USSR and China
Triangular diplomacy, he wanted to become friendly with both and play them off against eachother
How was Willy Brandt significant in causing the detente
He was a West Germany Chancellor who wanted better relations between the East and the West
- He was Ostpolitik
How was Henry Kissinger significant in causing detente
He was an American diplomat
- He believed in Realpolitik which was doing whats best for your country regardless of ideology
- his main achievements were establishing better relationships with USSR and china and securing an end to the Vietnam war
When was SALT I signed
1972
What did SALT include
- ABM treaty
- The interim treaty
- Basic principles agreement
What was the ABM treaty
Limit of 2 ABM systems each
maximum of 100 missiles
What was the interim treaty
Limited ICBMS and SLBMs
the USSR was allowed more ICBM’s as the USA were more advanced in other areas
What was the basic principles agreement
Laid down the rules of conduct for nuclear warfare
What did SALT ultimately do
indication of both sides desire to move away from dangerous confrontation and to try limit the production of nuclear weapons and stockpilling
