Civil rights Topic 2 Flashcards
What were the Jim crow laws
Laws which enforced racial segregation e.g. schools, restaurants, libraries, public transport
What was different about the north and south of america
In the North racism was not illegal but discrimination still meant that they most likely lived separately
What was Plessey V Feuguson
Ruled separate but equal
When was Brown V Topeka
1954
What was Brown v Topeka
The supreme court ruled that education had to be integrated
Which Civil rights group got Brown V topeka passed
NAACP
What were the drawbacks of Brown V Topeka
- There was no deadline so states in the deep south took their time
- Did not always benefit the African Americans as they suffered extreme abuse and harassment
- Southerners were furious and it saw the resurrection of the KKK
When was the murder of Emmett Till
1955
What was the murder of Emmett Till?
A young African American from the north down in the south beat and shot by a white man due to talking to the mans wife
What happened to the murders of Emmett Till
They were immediately found not guilty, even after later admitting they were
What were the effects of Emmett Till
- Brought awareness to the increased problems faced by African Americans in the south
- Motivated many African Americans to take a more active role to bring about change
When was the Montgomery bus boycott
1955
What was the Montgomery bus boycott
Rose Parks, a secretary for the NAACP refused to move when a white person sat in her row on the bus
- This sparked the boycott where African Americans didn’t use busses for 381 days
Why was the montgomery bus boycott so successful
African Americans made up 70% of their passengers so caused serious financial harm to the bus companies
How did the African Americans get around without the use of busses
- Black taxis were set up
- Car pooling systems
- The church gave out shoes
What did the opposition to the Montgomery bus boycott do
Bombed MLK’s house
Harassed African Americas while they were waiting for a car
Created new laws
Made arrests
Raised minimum taxi fees
What were the effects of the bus boycott
Browder V Gayle - integrated all state buses
What did the montgomery bus boycott attract
Major media attention which raised awareness of the problems of segregation
Why was the Montgomery bus boycott so signficant
provided that protests were successful
Inspired other boycotts and means of non-violence
What happened to the Civil rights bill which was presented in 1948
It was opposed by republicans and dixiecrats
Why was the Civil rights bill in 1956 not passed
It was filibustered by Storm Thurmond due to southern resistance
A weakened bill was proposed in 1957, what happened
It had high opposition but lyndon Johnson got it passed
Effects of the 1957 Civil rights bill
- It had little immediate action which disappointed activists
- But it was the FIRST TIME in 82 years the federal government had acted to try and improve the civil rights of African Americans
By 1957, 3 years after Brown V Topeka, how many schools in the south were integrated
Zero, they closed schools as they believed it was an abuse of the supreme court
