COLD WAR ; the berlin crisis 1948 Flashcards
At Potsdam, what did the Grand alliance decide would happen to Germany and Berlin?
It would be split into four
In 1945 how was Germany split ?
into 4, US zone British zone French zone Soviet zone
in 1945 how was Berlin split?
into 4, US zone British zone French zone Soviet zone
In 1948 how was Germany and Berlin split?
into 2,
Trizonia and Soviet
When was the Deutschmark created?
June 1948
What were the soviets furious with the creation of the Deutschmark?
- the new currency created a separate economic unit
- it acknowledged that there were two Germanys : West and East
When was the Berlin blockade?
June 1948
What was the Berlin blockade?
when Stalin shut off all land routes across soviet controlled Germany
Why did Stalin carry out the Berlin Blockade?
he wanted to show that a divided Germany wouldn’t work. it was a propaganda stunt
Why did the west not force supplies across the blockade?
because it would be seen as an act of war. might lead to military confrontation
What was Operation Vittles?
When the Western Powers organised food, coal and other supplies to be flown over the blockades.
How many tons of supplies did the Berlin airlift carry over?
170,000+ tons
How did the Berlin Airlift make Stalin look?
Aggressive, humiliated, weak
How did the Berlin Airlift make the West look?
Strong, peaceful, like saviours
What was clear after the Berlin Blockade?
that the division of germany would continue
What was west Germany formally known as?
The Federal Republic of Germany?
When was the Berlin Blockade lifted?
9th May 1949
When did Britain France and the US decide to combine their zones to become one?
23rd May 1949
What was East Germany formally known as?
German Democratic Republic?
When was the Germany Democratic Republic created?
October 1949
What does NATO stand for?
Northern Atlantic Treaty Organisation
When was NATO formed?
April 1949
Who were the members of NATO?
USA, Britain, France and 9 other Western Countries
What did NATO result in?
an ongoing American military presence in Europe throughout the Cold war
What did the NATO members agree?
That if any one of the members were attacked, all the members of NATO would come to its assistance
What was NATO?
A formal military alliance
When was West Germany allowed to join NATO?
May 1955
When was the Warsaw Pact created?
Within the same week that West Germany joined NATO
What was the Warsaw Pact?
a communist defensive military alliance
Who were some of the members of the Warsaw Pact?
Soviet Union Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania Bulgaria Albania And east Germany
