Cold war part 1

Question 1

Democracy in America

Answer 1

Alexis De Tocqueville
Other countries have reached natural limits.
US and Soviet will grow bc of population, size and resources.

Question 2

Communist Manifesto

Answer 2

Karl Marx
“dialect materialism” : all about matter
Thesis: history of society is history of class struggle
AntiT: workers will rise up and seize tools of developments
Synthe: workers will establish dictatorship of proletariat
Points towards totalitariansim

Question 3

Atlantic Charter 1941

Answer 3

FDR and Churchill : for after ww2
Political: 1) self determination 2)collective security 3) arms reduction
Economically 1) free trade 2) equal access to resources 3) improved labor standards

Question 4

Mutual Aid Agreement

Answer 4

Part of lend lease

article & : US provide money for countries of LIKE MIND

Question 5

Bretton woods july 1944

Answer 5

UN monetary and financial conference
IMF, World Bank, General agreement on trade and tarrifs
Allowed countries to trade with others
Facilitated trade -> open free markets -> marx ideology

Question 6

November Menshivik Coup

Answer 6

March - Nov 1917
Lenin’s communists withdraw form ww1 = allies of russia felt betrayed.
Western countries sent support for White Tsarists = communists felt betrayed by Allies.
Russia in debt and feared cant pay if Bolsheviks win bc of odious debt

Question 7

Odious debt

Answer 7

legitimate regime owes but then is overthrown and new regime doesnt recognize debt

Question 8

Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact 1939

Answer 8

Nazi and Soviet
Stalin felt Chamberlain surrendered him
“ Russia is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma” Churchill

Question 9

Casablanca

Answer 9

Stalin was not invited and felt left out

Question 10

Teheran

Answer 10

First conference with Stalin

Upset about delayed opening of western front

Question 11

NKVD

Answer 11

Soviet State Police

propaganda against capitalism

Question 12

Percentage

Answer 12

Romania and Greece- US 90 , USSR 10
Yugoslavia and Hungary - 50, 50
Bulgaria - US 25, USSR 75

Question 13

Hungary

Answer 13

changed to US 20 , USSR 80

Question 14

Yalta Accord

Answer 14

February 1945

Declaration of liberated europe: “right of all people to choose the form of government..”

Question 15

Potsdam conference

Answer 15

Terminal July 1945
Stalin: “free elections would be anti soviets”
Tensions hightened

Question 16

Hiroshima

Answer 16

August 6 1945
dawn of nuclear age
1)Only US has bomb
2)not afraid to use it

Question 17

Long Telegram

Answer 17

February 1946
In response to Stalin’s Bolshoi speech : capitalism is aggressiv and taking over
8,000 words soviets can and must be beaten… without war. educate people against communism

Question 18

Churchill’s sinews of peace

Answer 18

“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.”

Question 19

iron curtain

Answer 19

the name for the boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas

Question 20

Byrnes’ “Speech of Hope”

Answer 20

1) This was the first public statement against communist aggression.
2) It urged an enduring presence in Europe in support of democracy and free markets.
3) This shifted away from the agreements of Potsdam and the Morgenthau plan.
4) He intended on trying to take back control of Germany, and keep it free.
5) “We intend to support the United Nations with all of the resources and power we possess.”

Question 21

Katyn

Answer 21

Poland was seized by soviets 1939
1940 : 14,000 executed and burried
crippled polish military = eliminated leadership
example of sovites “demographic engineering”