cold war key topic 2

Question 1

what caused the refugee crisis between east and west germany?

Answer 1

poor wages and living condition in the east due to lack of aid

Question 2

how much germans moved from east to west germany by 1958?

Answer 2

3 million

Question 3

what was the brain drain?

Answer 3

skilled workers would move from the east to the west to gain higher wages

e,g doctors, lawyers etc

Question 4

what was said in krushchevs ultimatum?

Answer 4

western troops should withdraw from berlin or the soviets would cut routes into the west.

ussr wanted berlin to only belong to east germany

Question 5

why did relations worsen after the paris summit?

Answer 5

a us spy plane was shot down over russia, krushchev walked out of the meeting after eisenhower refused to apologise

Question 6

why did relations further worsen after vienna?

Answer 6

krushchev renewed the Berlin ultimatum, which JFK refused

this was initially withdrawn in the second summit

Question 7

What did the USA present the Berlin wall as?

Answer 7

a prison, therefore the US used this as propaganda against communism

Question 8

What was the impact of the Berlin wall on US-Soviet relations?

Answer 8

a period of calm occured as there was no quick fix for the wall

Question 9

give 2 reasons why krushcev placed missile bases in cuba

Answer 9

1. to retalliate for NATO bases in Turkey
2. to make the USSR look strong after the Berlin wall making them look weak

Question 10

how did the ending of the Cuban crisis make JFK and Khruschev look?

Answer 10

1. JFK looked strong and gained popularity as he stood up to the USSR
2. K looked weak and lost popularity in Russia

Question 11

who was Dubcek?

what did he promise?

Answer 11

new communist leader of Czechoslovakia in 1968

Socialism with a ‘human face’

Question 12

give 3 of Dubceks reforms

Answer 12

1. freedom of speech
2. eventual democratic elections
3. workers councils toimprove working conditions

Question 13

who was the USSR leader after Khruschev?

during the prague spring

Answer 13

Brezhnev

Question 14

give 2 reactions from foreign countries after Dubceks reforms

Answer 14

1. the USSR became suspicious CZ would join NATO
2. East Germany and Poland urged Brezhnev to end the reforms

Question 15

how did the USSR stop Dubcek after increased tensions?

1968 20th august

Answer 15

by invading CZ with troops and tanks

Question 16

how did CZ react to the invasion?

Answer 16

protestors assambled in prague and violently rebelled against the troops.

Question 17

What happened to Dubcek after the CZ invasion?

Answer 17

he was arrested and sent to Moscow, then replaced with Husak

Question 18

give 2 consequences of the invasion of CZ

Answer 18

1. Brezhnev doctrine
2. western countries condemmed the USSR’s actions and worsened relations

Question 19

how did the USA show its support for west berlin in 1963?

Answer 19

JFK visited and declared himself as a ‘Berliner’

Question 20

what 3 treatys were signed by the US and soviets after the cuban crisis?

Answer 20

1. 1963 test ban treaty
2. 1967 outer space treaty
3. 1968 the nuclear non-proliferation treaty

Question 21

what did the 1963 test ban treaty state?

Answer 21

nuclear weapons could not be tested under water, in space or in the atmosphere

Question 22

what did the 1967 outer space treaty state?

Answer 22

nuclear weapons could not be put into orbit

Question 23

what did the 1968 nuclear non-proliferation treaty state?

Answer 23

nuclear weapons could not be spread to other countries

Question 24

what did the Brezhnev doctrine state?

Answer 24

the USSR had the right to invade any eastern bloc country who threatened the security of the eastern block