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History > COLD WAR DAY BEFORE > Flashcards

COLD WAR DAY BEFORE Flashcards

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1
Q

When did eisenhower get elected + khurhsschev

A

53

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2
Q

When did Stalin die?

A

1953 KRHU

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3
Q

JFKS ASSASSINAITON?

A

22 NOV 63

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4
Q

Warsaw pact

A

1955

a collective defence treaty established by the Soviet Union and seven other Soviet satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe

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5
Q

Long telegram

A

FEB 1946

aggressive nature of stalins policy!

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6
Q

TRUMAN DOCTORINE / MARSHALL PLAN

A

MARCH/JUNE 1947

empahised containment of communism - economic aid to any country.

13BN cost M plan —- SOIVET RESPONDED WITH Comecon(Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)in49

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7
Q

when was BERLIN BLOCKADE

A

June 1948 - MaY 1949

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8
Q

USSR ACTIVATE A NUKE
NATO FORMED
WEST GERMANY (FDR)
EAST GERMANY (GDR)

A

1949

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9
Q

When was the secret speech?

A

1956

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10
Q

WHY were there growing tensions after potsdam?

A

LONG TELEGRAM
SOVIESTISATION OF EAST EUROPE
TRUMAN DOCTORINE
IRON CURTAIN
CONIFORM / COMECON

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11
Q

US CONTAINMENT in ASIA (JAPAN)

A

reconstruction of post war japan - economic stablisation (effienct tax etc)
GATT general agreements on Tariffs and Trade.
SAN FRANSICSO PEACE TREATY

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12
Q

what was the sanfrancisco peace treat + DATE?

A

1951 - after MAO + NK delcared war on non commie SK.
RECOGNISED FULL SOVERIGNETY OF JAPANESE
in return
UNRESTRICTED USE OF MILITARY BASES IN JAPAN.
RIGHT TO VETO JAPAN OFFERING MILITARY BASES TO OTHER STATES.

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13
Q

what was NSC68 + WHEN

A

1950–

It advocated for a significant increase in U.S. defense spending and a more aggressive stance against Soviet expansionism, outlining a policy of containment to confront communist threats globally.

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14
Q

who were the two sides in the chinese civil war - what did the us do - and who won?

WHEN DID IT END

1949/50 was a turning point in ASIA beacuse ….

A

MAO ZEDONG - Chinese Communist Party won
JIANG JIESHI - KMT

1949

japan was needed for korean war + communist china won so

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15
Q

when was the KOREAN WAR

A

1950-53 JUNE - JULY

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16
Q

What were the US CHINESE AND USSR INTERESTS in KOREA

A

USA:
ensure containment of communism
long term ally of japan
protect taiwan
USSR:
avoid costly conflict with USA
promote stalin as defender of communism.
CHINA:
establish CHINA as signifciant world force (sent 300k troops to korea)
act independtly of USSR
recover TAWAIN

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17
Q

WHO WERE THE 2 leaders of south korea forces?

A

SOUTH KOREA : syngham rhee
military lead by general MACARTHUR (dismissed in 1950 for tryna nuke china)

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18
Q

why did the US still wanna help Jiang Jieshi in vietnam?

A

containment of communism
strateigic location

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19
Q

how did the KOREA war end?

and date

A

July 27, 1953, the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed

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20
Q

consequences of cold war tensions 1949-1950

A

soviet had nuke 1949
Mccarthyism pressures govt to adapt a more ASIA first policy
china is communist - forms alliance with soviets
korean war
europe feels threatened with focus on ASIA

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21
Q

what was mccarthyism late 1940s

A

Mccarthy made outrageous accusations on random politicians civilaisn etc that they were communist removing them from power and blacklisting them

. McCarthy accused Democratic president Truman of “losing “China in October 1949 and being too soft on Communist

McCarthy was widely discredited by 1954 after accusing army officers of being communist sympathisers and therefore had lost his credibility

22
Q

who were the rosenbergs?

A

in 1951 they were trialled for esionage giving nuclear secrets to USSR - example of mccarythism. EVEN JUDGE SCARED TO HELP THEM

23
Q

who was eisenhoewers Secretary of State

A

JOHN FOSTER DULLES -

NEWLOOKPOLICYmassive retalliation and brinkmanship

24
Q

what was nsc162/2

A

repot of 1953 subsidising brinkmanship/MR that the most effedctive way to deter aggresiion against WESAT EUROPE WAS FOR USA to FORCEFULL DISPLAY ITS NUCLEAR SUPERIORITY.

25
Q

how did eisenhower view trumans containment strategy?

A

expensive as it was developing conventional forces instead of nukes.
prolonging/stalemating the US

therefore a NEW LOOK POLICY greater focus on nuclear development
greater resistance against communism.

26
Q

what did khurschev want?

A

redefine the relationsup with satellite states for a more long term policitcal stable enviroment. SECRET SPEECH 1956 FEB

reducing repression, improving living conditions

27
Q

What was the secret speech

date

A

Khrushchev’s speech exposed Stalin’s abuses of power, purges, and violations of human rights to high-ranking Communist

1956

28
Q

What did destalinisation trigger

A

POLAND AND HUNGARY 1956

REFORMS TOO EXTREME FOR “DESTALINISATION” KHUR INTERVENED

29
Q

what happened in HUNGARY ?

A

In Hungary, Khrushchev initially indicated a willingness to consider reform and negotiate with the reformist government led by Imre Nagy. However, when it became apparent that Nagy’s government was moving towards liberalization and potential withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact, Khrushchev ordered a Soviet military intervention to suppress the uprising and reassert control.

4000 tanks crushed nagy and a communist goverment was installed.

30
Q

what HAPPENED in POLAND?

A

In Poland, Khrushchev allowed some degree of political reform under Władysław Gomułka, who emphasized “Polish socialism” and pursued limited economic and political reforms. However, this was within the framework of maintaining communist rule and allegiance to Moscow.

31
Q

WHAT HAPPENED IN 1956 regarding KHRUS thinking

A

Khrushchev’s policy of “peaceful coexistence” aimed to promote competition between the Soviet Union and the West without direct military confrontation.

however he contrdicted this often beacuse of pressure from soviet hierachy and MAO zedong.

32
Q

What and when was the paris summit?

A

The Paris Summit of May 1960 was a meeting between US USSR UK FRANCE ntended to address key Cold War challenges, including the status of Berlin, arms control, and East-West relations

recognition of GDR
nuke free zone in centeral EUROPE

collapsed from the U2 plane being shot down

33
Q

When did the USSR first put a man in space - significane on COLD WAR?

A

april 1961

The race demonstrated the technological capabilities of the United States and the Soviet Union

presitge propoganda

34
Q

why did khru issue the BERLIN ULTIMATIUM?

A

1958

sino-soviet relations detiroating
US superiortity in arms race - feared nukes places in W germany
needed a propoganda win!!

WEST REJECTED IT

35
Q

why did KHRU close EAST BERLIN BORDER?

A

300k people (SKILLED WORKERS) fled to west - economy was dying.
1961 AUG

36
Q

what is EXCOMM

A

national security council called specificaly for CUBA.

37
Q

What was the date of BAY OF PIGS

A

April 1961 - before nukes discovered on cuba

38
Q

what was the date of the CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS?

A

16 oct 1962 (13 days)

NUKES FOUND 2 DAYS BEFORE.

39
Q

example of a positive after cuba?

A

1963 hot line created between WH and kremlin. - more symbolic?

1962 - test ban treaty khru proposed.

40
Q

who was ho chi minh

A

DR vietnam leader - COMMUNIST HE WHO ENLIGHTENS

Wanted to consolodate communist control in N vietnam - in order to fight for the reunification of vietnam.

41
Q

who was diem

A

South vietnam leader - refused to hold national elections in 1956

Corrupt nepotisitc

42
Q

What was the land reform?

A

Ho chi min took privately owned land and redistrubted to farmers

military had to shut down a revolt - about 6000 killed. 1956

By 1958 Ho chi min decided he wanted to use military action to reunify vietnam and overthrow Diems regime

43
Q

What was diems primarary interest?

A

Presevation of his own power, - supported by the US

44
Q

What was the NLF - when was it formed?

A

1960 - communist org in south vietnam - free from us imperalism.

powerful motive was rejection of Diems ruling.

AKA VIET CONG

controlled by north ulitmately

45
Q

who were the viet minh

A

organization that led the struggle for Vietnamese independence from French rule

communist.

46
Q

What was JFKS policies towards indochina?

A
  • containment -
  • needed it to stay democracy-
  • domino theory-
    ______
    FLEXIBLE RESPONSE
  • usas non nuclear divisions expanded
  • increase in helis,number of us combatants
47
Q

What was the strategic hamlet program?

A

1962

JFK isolated people from NLF

pacifying the countryside and reducing the influence of the communists among the rural population.

48
Q

why did the strategic hamlet progam fail?

A

Improved recruitment among peasents in the viet cong (NLF)
corrupt officials took money
alienated peseants
programe collapsed

49
Q

What and when was the buddhist crisis?

A

1963-

Diem was catholic and favoured them being repressive to the buddhists.
Protests - IN JUNE quang doc set himself on fire in saigon.

50
Q

explain diems assassination - date

A

1963 NOV

south vietnams rebels coup against diem and his regime

Us knew it was coming - saw diem couldnt lead S vietnam for them
threatened reductions in aid to add more tension from generals.

51
Q
A

History (12 decks)

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