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History Exam 7th > Cold War > Flashcards

Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

A sustained state of military and political tension between the USA and Soviet Union

A

The Cold War

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2
Q

Who were the two world superpowers after ww2

A

USA and Soviet Union

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3
Q

What kind of society was the USA

A

Capitalist Democracy

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4
Q

What kind of society was the USSR

A

Communist Dictatorship

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5
Q

Economic system where property and businesses are privately owned. People have freedom to succeed or fail

A

Capitalism

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6
Q

Government provides everything for the people. More security but less choice and freedom

A

Communism

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7
Q

Winston Churchill (Britain), Franklin D Roosevelt (USA), Joseph Stalin (USSR)

A

The Big Three

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8
Q

Conference that met in a Black Sea port to discuss postwar issues after ww2. The Big Three decided that:
The Soviet Union would enter Pacific War in return for territory in Asia.
Soviet Union wanted a buffer between enemies in the West. (US/Britain fear Soviet control of East & spread of communism)
Germany divided- 4 zones (US, Britain, France, Soviet Union)
FDR proposes the United Nations

A

Yalta

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9
Q

Ideological boundary dividing Europe into two separate (competing) areas. 1945-1991
Western Bloc- Democracy
Eastern Bloc- Communism

A

Iron Curtain

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10
Q

50 nations met in San Francisco to settle disputes and hopefully prevent future wars

A

United Nations

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11
Q

Clement Attlee (Britain), Harry S Truman (USA), Joseph Stalin (USSR) meet:
They agree that Germany should stay in it’s occupied zones.
Poland is moved around to suit the Soviets.

A

Potsdam

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12
Q

US make take aggressive steps to contain Soviet (communist) expansion. Fighting spread of communism by limiting to countries where already exist.

A

Containment/ Truman Doctrine

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13
Q

Us provides economic aid to European countries ($13 billion) so they can rebuild and protect themselves against communism.

A

Marshall Plan

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14
Q

1948: US, Britain, France unite their German zones to form West German Republic which includes three Berlin zones. Stalin set up blockade around Berlin

A

Berlin Blockade

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15
Q

American and British cargo planes drop food, fuel, and other supplies into West Berlin for 10 months

A

Berlin Airlift

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16
Q

1949- US, Canada, and 10 other countries join forces against communism. “An armed attack against one shall be seen as an armed attack against all”

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization-NATO

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17
Q

Soviet Union and surrounding communist countries of Eastern Europe form a military alliance in response to NATO

A

Warsaw Pact

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18
Q

Eisenhower’s theory that when one country falls to communism, its neighbor will soon follow, and communism will eventually reach America

A

Domino Theory

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19
Q

Hammer and Sickle, tools of the middle class

A

Symbols of Communism

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20
Q

Communist who defeated Chiangmai Kai-shek and became leader of China

A

Mao Zedong

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21
Q

A climate of fear that descends upon America: Americans worry that communist spies and sympathizers have penetrated all levels of society

A

The Red Scare Part 2

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22
Q

Massive hunt to uncover communists who (it was believed) were attempting to weaken the government from the inside:
Truman to lenient
Orders an investigation in the loyalty of all federal employees
Millions investigated by FBI, required all communist to register/provide list of members

A

“With-Hunts” to find “Reds”

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23
Q

Congressional committee formed to investigate cases of communist subversion
Launched sensational investigation of the Hollywood film industry

A

House Un-American Activities Committee

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24
Q

List of individuals, barred from working in Hollywood

A

Blacklists

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25
Q

10 Hollywood actors that were arrested and blacklisted for not cooperating with HUAC’s hearings on anti-communist activity

A

The Hollywood 10

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26
Q

German born British spy who helped create the A-bomb

A

Klaus Fuchs

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27
Q

Unfounded accusations against alleged communists

A

McCarthyism

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28
Q

Wisconsin Senator who gave a speech in West Virginia. Raised a sheet with names of 250 State Dept. employees who were members of communist party

A

Joseph McCarthy

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29
Q

Summons, bullies federal employees either dismissed or resign

A

Congressional Subcommittee

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30
Q

1954: McCarthy claims that communists had infiltrated the US military.
Two-month, televised hearings expose McCarhty’s sneering, cruel style.
Senate formally criticizes (censures) McCarhty for conduct “unbecoming a US Senator”
Army attorney, Joseph Welch

A

Army-McCarthy Hearings

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31
Q

Competition with each other to have the best, most powerful weapons in the world

A

Arms Race

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32
Q

A situation in which the USA and USSR both were in a stalemate because if either makes a move, it will be met with nuclear attack

A

Mutually Assured Destruction

33
Q

Surge in birth rates from 1946-1964

A

Baby Boomers

34
Q

Residential area; typically on the fringes (within commuting distance) of major cities
75% of new home construction took place here

A

Suburbs

35
Q

Introduced mass-produced housing based on navy model

A

William Levitt

36
Q

17,000 identical houses built from premade materials, erected quickly on site

A

Levittown

37
Q

Popular TV shows mold desires/expectations of average

A

The Happy Middle Class

38
Q

Fast-moving, guitar based music, derived from African-American rhythm & blues

A

Rock ‘N’ Roll

39
Q

The King of Rock ‘N’ Roll

A

Elvis Presley

40
Q

Middle-class (white) Americans “take-off” to suburbs, leaving behind islands of poverty

A

White Flight

41
Q

Neighborhoods inhabited mainly by poor minority groups

A

Ghettos

42
Q

Amount of taxable property, asserts, & income goes down when people leave a city

A

Declining tax-base

43
Q

Goods produced using mechanical or electronic devices

A

Automation of industries

44
Q

Group of writers who were “weary” (beat) with all forms of the modern industrial state

A

The “Beat Generation”

45
Q

Betty Friedan’s book describing the frustration and unhappiness of the suburban housewives

A

The Feminine Mystique

46
Q

Government provided wide-range of benefits for ww2 vets

A

G.I Bill

47
Q

Slogan that helped Republicans win control of both houses of Congress

A

“Had Enough?”

48
Q

Harry Truman’s domestic reforms policy aimed at solving the nation’s economic problems. Congress blocks it

A

Fair Deal

49
Q

Restricted the activities/power of labor unions
1. Outlawed the closed-shop (workplace that hires only union members)
2. Allowed the government to stop strikes that endangered public health

A

Taft-Hartley Bill

50
Q
  1. Greatest upset in election history
  2. Truman (D) defeats NY governor Thomas Dewey (R)
  3. Dixiecrats Storm Thurmond
  4. Progressive Party’s Henry Wallace
A

Election of 1948

51
Q

Truman travels 30,000 miles by train and delivers 250 speeches to American people

A

“Whistle-Stop” Tour

52
Q

Desegregated the armed forces enforce existing Civil Rights laws

A

A Fair Deal (Again)

53
Q

Landslide victory for Eisenhower (R) (442-89) over Adlai Stevenson (D)
First republican to win since 1928 (Hoover)

A

Election of 1952

54
Q
  1. Conservative when it comes to money & liberal when it comes to human rights
  2. Moderate “Middle of the road” republican
  3. Federal government “smaller rather than bigger”
  4. Removed Truman’s wage & price controls
  5. Budget surplus: $300 million
A

Eisenhower’s domestic policy

55
Q

40,00 miles of highway that tied the nation together
Largest public works program in the nation’s history
Improved military mobility in case of attack

A

Eisenhower Interstate System

56
Q
  1. Policy that promised US nuclear attacks in answer to Soviet expansion
  2. Coined by Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles
  3. Condemned Containment
A

Massive Retaliation

57
Q

The idea that we had to push the Soviets to the brink of war to get results

A

Brinkmanship

58
Q
  1. The race to make nuclear weapons (More bang for your buck)
  2. Hydrogen Bombs replace atom bombs
  3. Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBMs)
  4. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs)
A

US-Soviet Arms Race

59
Q

Educated the public on how to prepare for nuclear attack

A

Civil Defense Administration

60
Q

1957: World’s first artificial satellite launched into space by Soviets

A

Sputnik

61
Q

America answers the Sputnik with their own satellite aka the flopnik (it exploded a couple feet in the air)

A

Vanguard

62
Q

Administration that aimed to put an astronaut in space

A

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

63
Q

Period of eased tension between US and Soviets after death of Stalin (1953)

A

Cold War Thaw

64
Q

Leader of Soviets in 1955 after Stalin died

A

Nikita Khrushchev

65
Q

May 1, 1960: Soviets shot down U-2 (spy) plane and captured American pilot Gary Powers

A

U-2 Incident

66
Q
  1. President from 1960-1963
  2. One of 9 kids
  3. Wrote Why England Slept
  4. Potsdam Conference
  5. House, Senate, and President
A

JFK

67
Q
  1. First time in history, radio and television played a factor in who wins
  2. JFK: promises new programs to get country moving again
  3. Nixon: pledged to continue the policies of Eisenhower
A

Election of 1960

68
Q
  1. More federal funds for education
  2. Eradicate poverty
  3. Civil rights legislation
  4. Landing a man on the moon
A

The New Frontier

69
Q
  1. November 22, 1963: JFK killed in Dallas while traveling in his car on a campaign
  2. Lee Harvey Oswald arrested for killing Kennedy
  3. Jack Ruby kills Oswald
  4. Did Oswald really kill JFK?
A

JFK assassination conspiracy

70
Q

This president introduced a set of ambitious programs called the “Great Society”

A

LBJ

71
Q

Kennedy’s plan to send special forces abroad (Green Berets) trained to fight guerrilla wars

A

Flexible response

72
Q

Kennedy’s 10 year development plan To assist free leaders and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty because communism was an attractive option to impoverished countries

A

Alliance for progress

73
Q
  1. 1961: America’s plan to overthrow Castro using 1,500 CIA-trained Cuban refugees
  2. Cuban forces crushed the exiles
A

Bay of Pigs

74
Q
  1. Wall of concrete blocks and barbed wire built by East Germany government w/ Soviet support
  2. Cut off communism & travel between East and West Germany
A

Berlin Wall

75
Q
  1. October, 1962: American spy plane makes unsettling discovery while flying over Cuba
  2. Soviets building nuclear missile launch sites in Cuba
  3. Sites near completion
  4. Kennedy ordered a naval blockade of Cuba
A

Cuban Missile Crisis

76
Q
  1. July 20, 1969: Neil Armstrong & Buzz Aldrin become first humans to walk on the moon
A

One Giant Leap for Mankind

77
Q

NASA program aimed to land a man on the moon

A

Apollo Project

78
Q

A war in a Cold War that is not fought between the two Cold War powers but is instigated by those two and fought between two or more smaller countries

A

Proxy War

79
Q

A political system that promotes nationalism, militarism, and the supremacy

A

Fascism

History Exam 7th (4 decks)

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