Cognitive Psychology: Multi-Store Model Flashcards
What are the 3 Stores in the Multi-Store Model?
Sensory Memory, Short Term Memory, and Long Term Memory
How is information transferred into the STM from The Sensory Memory?
Through focusing on a particular sense e.g. visual, and giving it attention it is transferred into STM
How is information transferred into the LTM from STM?
Through maintenance rehearsal, the information is transferred into LTM
How can information be lost throughout the Sensory Memory?
Information loss can be caused by decay
How can information be lost throughout STM?
Information loss can also be caused by decay, but also through displacement/interference
How can information be lost throughout LTM?
Information loss can also be caused by decay, but also through failure of retrieval and interference
Name a study that supports the MSM
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)
What was the procedure of the study?
Ppts were presented with a list of words and then asked to recall the words in any order. The ppts were split in two different groups: One group would recall the words immediately after being shown the list; The other group counted backwards for 30 seconds before they recalled the words.
What did they find?
They found that the immediate recall group remembered the first and last words best. The delayed recall group remembered the words from the beginning of the list best. Note, they both struggled to recall the words in the middle
Evaluate the findings of this study
Other researchers interpreted the results differently, for example Crowder said that the recency effect occurs because the most recent items are the most distinctive, not because they are held in a separate Sensory Store
Name a strength of MSM
The MSM distinguishes the differences between STM and LTM in terms of duration, capacity and encoding.
What evidence supports the strength of MSM?
> Case studies on people with Brain Damage supports the distinction between LTM and STM for example the HM case showed that he was unable to maintain any new memories, but he was still able to talk normally and to recall accurately events and people from his life before the surgery. this shows that the LTM is a seperate store from STM, as HM’s STM is damaged but not the LTM.
Name a Weakness of MSM
LTM and STM may not be unitary stores
