Cognitive Psychology Flashcards
What is Cognition?
The acquisition, storage, transformation, and use of knowledge
Who was the Greek Scientist known as the Father of Medicine?
Hippocrates
What two branches of science does Cognitive Psychology stem from?
Philosophy and Physiology
What does Plato’s theory of dualism state?
That the mind and the body are two separate entities and are not connected to each other.
What does Aristotle’s theory of monism state?
That the mind and body are connected, one entity.
Aristotle believed in (blank) which meant that he advocated for (blank) to acquire information.
Empiricism, Observation and experience
Plato was a (blank) which meant that he believed in self reflection and logical reasoning to acquire information
Rationalist
The debate between Aristotle and Plato on how information is acquired through the mind is now better known as what in modern day psychology?
Nature vs. Nurture debate
What is Episodic Memory?
Autobiographical information about personal experiences
What is procedural memory?
Memory associated with completing a certain task?
What is semantic memory?
Memory associated with facts of the world (academic memory)
Which part of the brain is responsible for memory?
Hippocampus
What is the difference between retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia?
Retrograde amnesia affects the ability to recall past memories, while anterograde amnesia affects the ability to form new memories.
What is the difference between encoding and retrieval of information?
Encoding is when the information is processed into memory, and retrieval is when you try to access the information from memory.
How do degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s affect memory and the brain?
The brain’s neurons deteriorate in the parts of the brain responsible for memory and language.
Why is someone with anterograde amnesia still able to process tasks in the present?
Their short term memory is intact, so they can still perform tasks, but they will have no memory of performing the task after a few minutes
Why is someone with retrograde amnesia able to call someone that they know, even though they don’t have memory of that person anymore?
There procedural memory is intact, so the action of calling someone is something that is able to be retrieved.
What is a schema?
A set of items associated with a certain setting or category
Why do schemas sometimes fail to be accurate?
Phenomena such as change blindness and situational awareness.
How are schemas and automatic processing related?
Automatic processing often leads to the creation of schemas
What is parallel processing?
The ability to relate two or more items to each other (for example a person to an occupation)
